Proton-NMR Metabolomics of Rainbow Trout Fed a Plant-Based Diet Supplemented with Graded Levels of a Protein-Rich Yeast Fraction Reveal Several Metabolic Processes Involved in Growth.
Animal Feed
/ analysis
Animals
Body Weight
/ drug effects
Diet
/ veterinary
Dietary Proteins
/ administration & dosage
Dietary Supplements
/ analysis
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Female
Fungal Proteins
Liver
/ metabolism
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
/ methods
Metabolomics
/ methods
Muscle, Skeletal
/ drug effects
Oncorhynchus mykiss
/ growth & development
Plants
/ chemistry
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
NMR
fish nutrition
metabolic process
metabolomics
rainbow trout
yeast
Journal
The Journal of nutrition
ISSN: 1541-6100
Titre abrégé: J Nutr
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0404243
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 09 2020
01 09 2020
Historique:
received:
30
04
2020
revised:
21
05
2020
accepted:
25
06
2020
pubmed:
18
8
2020
medline:
17
12
2020
entrez:
18
8
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Plant raw materials are commonly used in aquafeeds, as marine resources are unsustainable. However, full plant-based diets lead to poorer fish growth performance. We aimed to understand the metabolic effects of a yeast fraction as a protein supplement in a plant-based diet and to integrate such effects with phenotypic traits as a new approach to assess the interest of this raw material. Juvenile (49 g) rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were fed graded levels of a yeast protein-rich fraction (5% YST05, 10% YST10, 15% YST15) in a plant-based diet (PB) for 84 d. Final body weight, feed conversion ratio, and hepatosomatic and viscerosomatic indexes were measured. Plasma, liver, and muscle 1H-NMR fingerprints were analyzed with principal component analyses, and their metabolite patterns were clustered according to the yeast level to identify concomitant metabolic effects. A regression modeling approach was used to predict tissue metabolite changes from plasma fingerprints. In tissues, the patterns of metabolite changes followed either linear trends with the gradual inclusion of a yeast fraction (2 patterns out of 6 in muscle, 1 in liver) or quadratic trends (4 patterns in muscle, 5 in liver). Muscle aspartate and glucose (395 and 138% maximum increase in relative content compared with PB, respectively) revealing modification in energy metabolism, as well as modification of liver betaine (163% maximum increase) and muscle histidine (57% maximum decrease) related functions, indicates that the yeast fraction could improve growth in several ways. The highest correlation between measured and predicted metabolite intensities in a tissue based on plasma fingerprints was observed for betaine in liver (r = 0.80). These findings herald a new approach to assess the plurality of metabolic effects induced by diets and establish the optimal level of raw materials. They open the way for using plasma as a noninvasive matrix in trout nutrition studies.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Plant raw materials are commonly used in aquafeeds, as marine resources are unsustainable. However, full plant-based diets lead to poorer fish growth performance.
OBJECTIVE
We aimed to understand the metabolic effects of a yeast fraction as a protein supplement in a plant-based diet and to integrate such effects with phenotypic traits as a new approach to assess the interest of this raw material.
METHODS
Juvenile (49 g) rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were fed graded levels of a yeast protein-rich fraction (5% YST05, 10% YST10, 15% YST15) in a plant-based diet (PB) for 84 d. Final body weight, feed conversion ratio, and hepatosomatic and viscerosomatic indexes were measured. Plasma, liver, and muscle 1H-NMR fingerprints were analyzed with principal component analyses, and their metabolite patterns were clustered according to the yeast level to identify concomitant metabolic effects. A regression modeling approach was used to predict tissue metabolite changes from plasma fingerprints.
RESULTS
In tissues, the patterns of metabolite changes followed either linear trends with the gradual inclusion of a yeast fraction (2 patterns out of 6 in muscle, 1 in liver) or quadratic trends (4 patterns in muscle, 5 in liver). Muscle aspartate and glucose (395 and 138% maximum increase in relative content compared with PB, respectively) revealing modification in energy metabolism, as well as modification of liver betaine (163% maximum increase) and muscle histidine (57% maximum decrease) related functions, indicates that the yeast fraction could improve growth in several ways. The highest correlation between measured and predicted metabolite intensities in a tissue based on plasma fingerprints was observed for betaine in liver (r = 0.80).
CONCLUSIONS
These findings herald a new approach to assess the plurality of metabolic effects induced by diets and establish the optimal level of raw materials. They open the way for using plasma as a noninvasive matrix in trout nutrition studies.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32805000
pii: S0022-3166(22)02318-5
doi: 10.1093/jn/nxaa206
doi:
Substances chimiques
Dietary Proteins
0
Fungal Proteins
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Randomized Controlled Trial, Veterinary
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
2268-2277Informations de copyright
Copyright © The Author(s) on behalf of the American Society for Nutrition 2020.