A proposal for a new classification of soleus muscle morphology.
Anatomical variations
Pennation angle
Soleus muscle
Journal
Annals of anatomy = Anatomischer Anzeiger : official organ of the Anatomische Gesellschaft
ISSN: 1618-0402
Titre abrégé: Ann Anat
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 100963897
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Nov 2020
Nov 2020
Historique:
received:
21
06
2020
revised:
27
07
2020
accepted:
27
07
2020
pubmed:
19
8
2020
medline:
28
7
2021
entrez:
19
8
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The soleus muscle (SM) is located in the superficial posterior compartment of the leg, together with the gastrocnemius muscle (GM) and plantaris muscle. There is little information on the morphological variability (pennation) of the SM. The aim of the study is to characterize the variations in the morphology of the pennation of the SM and to create the first accurate classification. Eighty lower limbs (40 left, and 40 right) fixed in 10% formalin solution were examined. The morphology of the central tendon, medial and lateral aponeuroses was evaluated, together with the pennation angle. In all cases, the soleus muscle was present. Four types could be distinguished based on muscle fibre morphology. In order of frequency: Type 1 - bipennate (43.75%); Type 4 - non-pennate (36.25%); Type 2 - unipennate (15%); Type 3 - multipennate (5%). No significant difference in type distribution was observed with regard to body side (p=0.9018) or gender (p=0.0844). The soleus muscle is characterized by high morphological variability. Based on the pennation angle, four types (1-4) of soleus muscle are distinguishable.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32810614
pii: S0940-9602(20)30128-X
doi: 10.1016/j.aanat.2020.151584
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
151584Informations de copyright
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