Hungry for colours? Attentional bias for food crucially depends on perceptual information.
Attentional bias
Bottom-up processes
Food perception
Perceptual dominance
Journal
Cognitive processing
ISSN: 1612-4790
Titre abrégé: Cogn Process
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 101177984
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Feb 2021
Feb 2021
Historique:
received:
30
07
2019
accepted:
28
08
2020
pubmed:
11
9
2020
medline:
11
3
2021
entrez:
10
9
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Attentional bias has been consistently investigated with both threatening and rewarding stimuli, such as food. Several studies demonstrated the presence of an attentional bias for high-calorie food cues compared to neutral (non-food) cues. Authors have interpreted this effect in the context of top-down processes (e.g. the food draws attention thanks to the experience we have with it). The aim of the present study is to test whether perceptual features (bottom-up processes) can modulate the attentional bias effect of food stimuli. Using a dot-probe task, we investigated the relevance of colours in the occurrence of the attentional bias. We compared two different categories of naturalistic food images (high-calorie versus low-calorie) both coloured (Exp. 1) and greyscale (Exp. 2). While we found the occurrence of the attentional bias with high-calorie food coloured images, we did not obtain any significant differences with greyscale images. In Experiments 3 and 4, we compared greyscale office items images, respectively, with greyscale high-calorie food images (Exp. 3) and greyscale low-calorie food images (Exp. 4). In both these last experiments, we did not find any attentional bias. Thus, taken together, our results show that colours convey crucial identity information that could orient our attention. We interpret these results as linked to the relevance of visual appearance in our experience of food.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32910334
doi: 10.1007/s10339-020-00990-8
pii: 10.1007/s10339-020-00990-8
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
159-169Références
Al-Janabi S, MacLeod C, Rhodes G (2012) Non-threatening other-race faces capture visual attention: evidence from a dot-probe task. PLoS ONE 7(10):e46119. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0046119
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046119
pubmed: 23056245
pmcid: 3463522
Bar-Haim Y, Lamy D, Pergamin L, Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ, van Ijzendoorn MH (2007) Threat-related attentional bias in anxious and nonanxious individuals: a meta-analytic study. Psychol Bull 133(1):1–24. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.133.1.1
doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.133.1.1
pubmed: 17201568
Berridge KC (2009) 'Liking' and 'wanting' food rewards: brain substrates and roles in eating disorders. Physiol Behav 97(5):537–550. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2009.02.044
doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2009.02.044
pubmed: 19336238
pmcid: 2717031
Blechert J, Meule A, Busch NA, Ohla K (2014) Food-pics: an image database for experimental research on eating and appetite. Front Psychol 5:617. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00617
doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00617
pubmed: 25009514
pmcid: 4067906
Bradley BP, Mogg K, Lee SC (1997) Attentional biases for negative information in induced and naturally occurring dysphoria. Behav Res Ther 35(10):911–927. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0005-7967(97)00053-3
doi: 10.1016/S0005-7967(97)00053-3
pubmed: 9401132
Brignell C, Griffiths T, Bradley BP, Mogg K (2009) Attentional and approach biases for pictorial food cues. Influence of external eating. Appetite 52(2):299–306. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2008.10.007
doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2008.10.007
pubmed: 19027808
Brooks S, Prince A, Stahl D, Campbell IC, Treasure J (2011) A systematic review and meta-analysis of cognitive bias to food stimuli in people with disordered eating behaviour. Clin Psychol Rev 31(1):37–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2010.09.006
doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2010.09.006
pubmed: 21130935
Bullock AB, Bonanno GA (2013) Attentional bias and complicated grief: a primed dot-probe task with emotional faces. J Exp Psychopathol 4(2):194–207. https://doi.org/10.5127/jep.020411
doi: 10.5127/jep.020411
Castellanos EH, Charboneau E, Dietrich MS, Park S, Bradley BP, Mogg K, Cowan RL (2009) Obese adults have visual attention bias for food cue images: evidence for altered reward system function. Int J Obes (Lond) 33(9):1063–1073. https://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2009.138
doi: 10.1038/ijo.2009.138
Cavallina C, Puccio G, Capurso M, Bremner AJ, Santangelo V (2018) Cognitive development attenuates audiovisual distraction and promotes the selection of task-relevant perceptual saliency during visual search on complex scenes. Cognition 180:91–98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2018.07.003
doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2018.07.003
pubmed: 30007880
Chapman A, Devue C, Grimshaw GM (2019) Fleeting reliability in the dot-probe task. Psychol Res 83(2):308–320. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-017-0947-6
doi: 10.1007/s00426-017-0947-6
pubmed: 29159699
Clydesdale FM (1993) Color as a factor in food choice. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 33(1):83–101. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408399309527614
doi: 10.1080/10408399309527614
pubmed: 8424857
Cohen J (1988) Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences, 2nd edn. Erlbaum, Hillsdale
Corbetta M, Shulman GL (2002) Control of goal-directed and stimulus-driven attention in the brain. Nat Rev Neurosci 3(3):201–215. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn755
doi: 10.1038/nrn755
pubmed: 11994752
Doolan KJ, Breslin G, Hanna D, Gallagher AM (2015) Attentional bias to food-related visual cues: Is there a role in obesity? Proc Nutr Soc 74(1):37–45. https://doi.org/10.1017/S002966511400144X
doi: 10.1017/S002966511400144X
pubmed: 25236786
Drewnowski A, Greenwood MR (1983) Cream and sugar: human preferences for high-fat foods. Physiol Behav 30(4):629–633. https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9384(83)90232-9
doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(83)90232-9
pubmed: 6878464
Esteves F, Santos I (2015) Attentional bias to caloric food stimuli. Paper presented at the presented at the association for psychological science, 27th annual convention, New York
Forestell CA, Lau P, Gyurovski II, Dickter CL, Haque SS (2012) Attentional biases to foods: the effects of caloric content and cognitive restraint. Appetite 59(3):748–754. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2012.07.006
doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2012.07.006
pubmed: 22800656
Fox E, Russo R, Dutton K (2002) Attentional bias for threat: evidence for delayed disengagement from emotional faces. Cognit Emot 16(3):355–379. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699930143000527
doi: 10.1080/02699930143000527
Garner DM, Olmsted MP, Bohr Y, Garfinkel PE (1982) The eating attitudes test: psychometric features and clinical correlates. Psychol Med 12(4):871–878. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291700049163
doi: 10.1017/s0033291700049163
pubmed: 6961471
Harrar V, Toepel U, Murray MM, Spence C (2011) Food's visually perceived fat content affects discrimination speed in an orthogonal spatial task. Exp Brain Res 214(3):351–356. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-011-2833-6
doi: 10.1007/s00221-011-2833-6
pubmed: 21858502
Havermans RC, Giesen JC, Houben K, Jansen A (2011) Weight, gender, and snack appeal. Eat Behav 12(2):126–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2011.01.010
doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2011.01.010
pubmed: 21385642
Hendrikse JJ, Cachia RL, Kothe EJ, McPhie S, Skouteris H, Hayden MJ (2015) Attentional biases for food cues in overweight and individuals with obesity: a systematic review of the literature. Obes Rev 16(5):424–432. https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.12265
doi: 10.1111/obr.12265
pubmed: 25752592
Hollitt S, Kemps E, Tiggemann M, Smeets E, Mills JS (2010) Components of attentional bias for food cues among restrained eaters. Appetite 54(2):309–313. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2009.12.005
doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2009.12.005
pubmed: 20005274
Hou R, Mogg K, Bradley BP, Moss-Morris R, Peveler R, Roefs A (2011) External eating, impulsivity and attentional bias to food cues. Appetite 56(2):424–427. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2011.01.019
doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2011.01.019
pubmed: 21256908
Hutchings JB (2011) Food colour and appearance. Springer, Colmworth
Jansen E, Mulkens S, Jansen A (2010) How to promote fruit consumption in children. Visual appeal versus restriction. Appetite 54(3):599–602. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2010.02.012
doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2010.02.012
pubmed: 20176066
LeDoux JE (1995) Emotion: clues from the brain. Annu Rev Psychol 46:209–235. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ps.46.020195.001233
doi: 10.1146/annurev.ps.46.020195.001233
pubmed: 7872730
Levitan CA, Zampini M, Li R, Spence C (2008) Assessing the role of color cues and people's beliefs about color-flavor associations on the discrimination of the flavor of sugar-coated chocolates. Chem Senses 33(5):415–423. https://doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjn008
doi: 10.1093/chemse/bjn008
pubmed: 18310060
Lipp OV, Derakshan N (2005) Attentional bias to pictures of fear-relevant animals in a dot probe task. Emotion 5(3):365–369. https://doi.org/10.1037/1528-3542.5.3.365
doi: 10.1037/1528-3542.5.3.365
pubmed: 16187873
Lowe MR, Kral TV (2006) Stress-induced eating in restrained eaters may not be caused by stress or restraint. Appetite 46(1):16–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2005.01.014
doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2005.01.014
pubmed: 16171898
MacDougall DB (2002) Colour in food: improving quality. Woodhead Publishing Limited, Abington Hall, Abington
doi: 10.1201/9781439823194
MacLeod C, Mathews A (1988) Anxiety and the allocation of attention to threat. Q J Exp Psychol A 40(4):653–670. https://doi.org/10.1080/14640748808402292
doi: 10.1080/14640748808402292
pubmed: 3212208
Marois R, Ivanoff J (2005) Capacity limits of information processing in the brain. Trends Cognit Sci 9(6):296–305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2005.04.010
doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2005.04.010
Mogg K, Bradley BP, Hyare H, Lee S (1998) Selective attention to food-related stimuli in hunger: Are attentional biases specific to emotional and psychopathological states, or are they also found in normal drive states? Behav Res Ther 36(2):227–237. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0005-7967(97)00062-4
doi: 10.1016/s0005-7967(97)00062-4
pubmed: 9613028
Nijs IM, Franken IH (2012) Attentional processing of food cues in overweight and obese individuals. Curr Obes Rep 1(2):106–113. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13679-012-0011-1
doi: 10.1007/s13679-012-0011-1
pubmed: 22611523
pmcid: 3342487
Nijs IM, Franken IH, Muris P (2008) Food cue-elicited brain potentials in obese and healthy-weight individuals. Eat Behav 9(4):462–470. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2008.07.009
doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2008.07.009
pubmed: 18928910
Nijs IM, Franken IH, Muris P (2009) Enhanced processing of food-related pictures in female external eaters. Appetite 53(3):376–383. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2009.07.022
doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2009.07.022
pubmed: 19647769
Ohman A, Flykt A, Esteves F (2001) Emotion drives attention: detecting the snake in the grass. J Exp Psychol Gen 130(3):466–478. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.130.3.466
doi: 10.1037/0096-3445.130.3.466
pubmed: 11561921
Ohman A, Soares JJ (1993) On the automatic nature of phobic fear: conditioned electrodermal responses to masked fear-relevant stimuli. J Abnorm Psychol 102(1):121–132. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.102.1.121
doi: 10.1037/0021-843X.102.1.121
pubmed: 8436688
Papies EK, Stroebe W, Aarts H (2008) Healthy cognition: processes of self-regulatory success in restrained eating. Pers Soc Psychol Bull 34(9):1290–1300. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167208320063
doi: 10.1177/0146167208320063
pubmed: 18596220
Pedale T, Macaluso E, Santangelo V (2019) Enhanced insular/prefrontal connectivity when resisting from emotional distraction during visual search. Brain Struct Funct 224(6):2009–2026. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-019-01873-1
doi: 10.1007/s00429-019-01873-1
pubmed: 31111208
pmcid: 6591190
Peirce J, Gray JR, Simpson S, MacAskill M, Hochenberger R, Sogo H, Kastman E, Lindelov JK (2019) PsychoPy2: experiments in behavior made easy. Behav Res Methods 51(1):195–203. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-018-01193-y
doi: 10.3758/s13428-018-01193-y
pubmed: 30734206
pmcid: 6420413
Piqueras-Fiszman B, Alcaide J, Roura E, Spence C (2012) Is it the plate or is it the food? Assessing the influence of the color (black or white) and shape of the plate on the perception of the food placed on it. Food Qual Prefer 24(1):205–208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodqual.2011.08.011
doi: 10.1016/j.foodqual.2011.08.011
Pool E, Brosch T, Delplanque S, Sander D (2016) Attentional bias for positive emotional stimuli: a meta-analytic investigation. Psychol Bull 142(1):79–106. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000026
doi: 10.1037/bul0000026
pubmed: 26390266
Posner M, Inhoff AW, Friedrich FJ, Cohe A (1987) Isolating attentional systems: a cognitive-anatomical analysis. Psychobiology 15(2):1071–1121. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03333099
doi: 10.3758/BF03333099
Posner MI, Snyder CR, Davidson BJ (1980) Attention and the detection of signals. J Exp Psychol 109(2):160–174. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.109.2.160
doi: 10.1037/0096-3445.109.2.160
pubmed: 7381367
Pratto F, John OP (1991) Automatic vigilance: the attention-grabbing power of negative social information. J Pers Soc Psychol 61(3):380–391. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.61.3.380
doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.61.3.380
pubmed: 1941510
Rolls BJ, Rowe EA, Rolls ET (1982) How sensory properties of foods affect human feeding behavior. Physiol Behav 29(3):409–417. https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9384(82)90259-1
doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(82)90259-1
pubmed: 7178247
Santangelo V (2015) Forced to remember: when memory is biased by salient information. Behav Brain Res 283:1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2015.01.013
doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2015.01.013
pubmed: 25595422
Santangelo V, Di Francesco SA, Mastroberardino S, Macaluso E (2015) Parietal cortex integrates contextual and saliency signals during the encoding of natural scenes in working memory. Hum Brain Mapp 36(12):5003–5017. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.22984
doi: 10.1002/hbm.22984
pubmed: 26333392
pmcid: 6869543
Seddon K, Waller G (2000) Emotional processing and bulimic psychopathology: age as a factor among nonclinical women. Int J Eat Disord 28(4):364–369. https://doi.org/10.1002/1098-108x(200012)28:4<364:aid-eat3>3.0.co;2-h
doi: 10.1002/1098-108x(200012)28:4<364::aid-eat3>3.0.co;2-h
pubmed: 11054782
Smeets E, Roefs A, van Furth E, Jansen A (2008) Attentional bias for body and food in eating disorders: Increased distraction, speeded detection, or both? Behav Res Ther 46(2):229–238. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2007.12.003
doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2007.12.003
pubmed: 18191812
Sorensen LB, Moller P, Flint A, Martens M, Raben A (2003) Effect of sensory perception of foods on appetite and food intake: a review of studies on humans. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 27(10):1152–1166. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0802391
doi: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0802391
pubmed: 14513063
Spence C (2015) On the psychological impact of food colour. Flavour 4(21):1–16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13411-015-0031-3
doi: 10.1186/s13411-015-0031-3
Spence C, Levitan CA, Shankar MU, Zampini M (2010) Does food color influence taste and flavor perception in humans? Chem Percept 3(1):68–84. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12078-010-9067-z
doi: 10.1007/s12078-010-9067-z
Staugaard SR (2009) Reliability of two versions of the dot-probe task using photographic faces. Psychol Sci Q 51(3):339–350
Stice E, Yokum S, Blum K, Bohon C (2010) Weight gain is associated with reduced striatal response to palatable food. J Neurosci 30(39):13105–13109. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2105-10.2010
doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2105-10.2010
pubmed: 20881128
pmcid: 2967483
Strugnell C (1997) Colour and its role in sweetness perception. Appetite 28(1):85. https://doi.org/10.1006/appe.1996.0065
doi: 10.1006/appe.1996.0065
pubmed: 9134097
Tapper K, Pothos EM, Lawrence AD (2010) Feast your eyes: hunger and trait reward drive predict attentional bias for food cues. Emotion 10(6):949–954. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0020305
doi: 10.1037/a0020305
pubmed: 21058840
Theeuwes J, Belopolsky AV (2012) Reward grabs the eye: oculomotor capture by rewarding stimuli. Vis Res 74:80–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2012.07.024
doi: 10.1016/j.visres.2012.07.024
pubmed: 22902641
van Ens W, Schmidt U, Campbell IC, Roefs A, Werthmann J (2019) Test-retest reliability of attention bias for food: robust eye-tracking and reaction time indices. Appetite 136:86–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2019.01.020
doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2019.01.020
pubmed: 30682381
Wadhera D, Capaldi-Phillips ED (2014) A review of visual cues associated with food on food acceptance and consumption. Eat Behav 15(1):132–143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2013.11.003
doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2013.11.003
pubmed: 24411766
Waechter S, Nelson AL, Wright C, Hyatt A, Oakman J (2014) Measuring attentional bias to threat: reliability of dot probe and eye movement indices. Cognit Ther Res 38(3):313–333. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-013-9588-2
doi: 10.1007/s10608-013-9588-2
Werthmann J, Jansen A, Roefs A (2015) Worry or craving? A selective review of evidence for food-related attention biases in obese individuals, eating-disorder patients, restrained eaters and healthy samples. Proc Nutr Soc 74(2):99–114. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0029665114001451
doi: 10.1017/S0029665114001451
pubmed: 25311212
Werthmann J, Roefs A, Nederkoorn C, Mogg K, Bradley BP, Jansen A (2013) Attention bias for food is independent of restraint in healthy weight individuals-an eye tracking study. Eat Behav 14(3):397–400. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2013.06.005
doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2013.06.005
pubmed: 23910789
Yeomans MR, Blundell JE, Leshem M (2004) Palatability: response to nutritional need or need-free stimulation of appetite? Br J Nutr 92(Suppl 1):S3–14. https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN2004113
doi: 10.1079/BJN2004113
pubmed: 15384315
Zellner DA, Durlach P (2003) Effect of color on expected and experienced refreshment, intensity, and liking of beverages. Am J Psychol 116(4):633–647
doi: 10.2307/1423663
Zellner DA, Lankford M, Ambrose L, Locher P (2010) Art on the plate: effect of balance and color on attractiveness of, willingness to try and liking for food. Food Qual Prefer 21(5):575–578. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodqual.2010.02.007
doi: 10.1016/j.foodqual.2010.02.007