Cetacean morbillivirus in Humpback whales' exhaled breath.
Megaptera novaeangliae
SYBR Green real time RT-PCR
cetacean morbillivirus
health assessment
respiratory infection
whale blow
Journal
Transboundary and emerging diseases
ISSN: 1865-1682
Titre abrégé: Transbound Emerg Dis
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 101319538
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Jul 2021
Jul 2021
Historique:
revised:
10
10
2020
received:
08
08
2020
accepted:
13
10
2020
pubmed:
19
10
2020
medline:
25
2
2023
entrez:
18
10
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The humpback whale (HW; Megaptera novaeangliae) population that seasonally resides along the Brazilian coast concentrates in the Abrolhos Bank (Bahia and Espírito Santo states) for breeding during austral winter and spring. Cetacean morbillivirus (CeMV, Paramyxoviridae family) is currently one of the most significant biological threats to cetaceans worldwide with high infection and mortality rates. CeMV is pleiotropic yet it has special tropism for the respiratory, lymphoid and nervous system and is primarily transmitted by the aerogenous route. A new lineage of CeMV, the Guiana dolphin morbillivirus (GDMV), is known to affect cetaceans off Brazil. GDMV was first detected in a Guiana dolphin (Sotalia guianensis) stranded in the Abrolhos Bank region, in 2010. In addition to pathologic examinations on stranded HW, pathogen survey of free-ranging HW may provide valuable insight into the epidemiology of diseases. We hypothesized that HW in the Brazilian breeding ground could be exposed to CeMV. Thus, in the present study, we investigated the presence of CeMV in exhaled breath condensates (EBC) of HW in the Abrolhos Bank. Overall, 73 samples of EBC from 48 groups of HW were collected during the breeding seasons of 2011 (n = 16) and 2012 (n = 57). One sample failed to have the reference gene amplified and was excluded from the study. CeMV was detected by a RT-qPCR method in 2 EBC samples, representing 2 whale groups. Phylogenetic analysis of partial morbillivirus phosphoprotein gene showed 100% homology to GDMV. Our results show that HW in Brazil are infected by CeMV with a relative prevalence of 4.3% (2/47) and demonstrate the suitability of using EBC and RT-qPCR as a non-invasive tool for CeMV survey in free-ranging whales. This pioneer study provides scientific basis for non-invasive CeMV monitoring of HW, suggests HW may play a role in the dynamics of CeMV and raises concern for potential conservation implications for this species.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1736-1743Subventions
Organisme : Petrobras
Organisme : Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel
Organisme : São Paulo Research Foundation
ID : #2014/24932-2
Organisme : São Paulo Research Foundation
ID : #2015/00735-6
Organisme : São Paulo Research Foundation
ID : #2015/05043-5
Organisme : São Paulo Research Foundation
ID : #2017/02223-8
Organisme : São Paulo Research Foundation
ID : #2019/11053-4
Organisme : National Council for Scientific and Technological Development
ID : #304999/2018-0
Organisme : Society for Marine Mammalogy
Informations de copyright
© 2020 Wiley-VCH GmbH.
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