Tocilizumab for patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. The single-arm TOCIVID-19 prospective trial.


Journal

Journal of translational medicine
ISSN: 1479-5876
Titre abrégé: J Transl Med
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101190741

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
21 10 2020
Historique:
received: 28 09 2020
accepted: 13 10 2020
entrez: 22 10 2020
pubmed: 23 10 2020
medline: 31 10 2020
Statut: epublish

Résumé

Tocilizumab blocks pro-inflammatory activity of interleukin-6 (IL-6), involved in pathogenesis of pneumonia the most frequent cause of death in COVID-19 patients. A multicenter, single-arm, hypothesis-driven trial was planned, according to a phase 2 design, to study the effect of tocilizumab on lethality rates at 14 and 30 days (co-primary endpoints, a priori expected rates being 20 and 35%, respectively). A further prospective cohort of patients, consecutively enrolled after the first cohort was accomplished, was used as a secondary validation dataset. The two cohorts were evaluated jointly in an exploratory multivariable logistic regression model to assess prognostic variables on survival. In the primary intention-to-treat (ITT) phase 2 population, 180/301 (59.8%) subjects received tocilizumab, and 67 deaths were observed overall. Lethality rates were equal to 18.4% (97.5% CI: 13.6-24.0, P = 0.52) and 22.4% (97.5% CI: 17.2-28.3, P < 0.001) at 14 and 30 days, respectively. Lethality rates were lower in the validation dataset, that included 920 patients. No signal of specific drug toxicity was reported. In the exploratory multivariable logistic regression analysis, older age and lower PaO2/FiO2 ratio negatively affected survival, while the concurrent use of steroids was associated with greater survival. A statistically significant interaction was found between tocilizumab and respiratory support, suggesting that tocilizumab might be more effective in patients not requiring mechanical respiratory support at baseline. Tocilizumab reduced lethality rate at 30 days compared with null hypothesis, without significant toxicity. Possibly, this effect could be limited to patients not requiring mechanical respiratory support at baseline. Registration EudraCT (2020-001110-38); clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04317092).

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND
Tocilizumab blocks pro-inflammatory activity of interleukin-6 (IL-6), involved in pathogenesis of pneumonia the most frequent cause of death in COVID-19 patients.
METHODS
A multicenter, single-arm, hypothesis-driven trial was planned, according to a phase 2 design, to study the effect of tocilizumab on lethality rates at 14 and 30 days (co-primary endpoints, a priori expected rates being 20 and 35%, respectively). A further prospective cohort of patients, consecutively enrolled after the first cohort was accomplished, was used as a secondary validation dataset. The two cohorts were evaluated jointly in an exploratory multivariable logistic regression model to assess prognostic variables on survival.
RESULTS
In the primary intention-to-treat (ITT) phase 2 population, 180/301 (59.8%) subjects received tocilizumab, and 67 deaths were observed overall. Lethality rates were equal to 18.4% (97.5% CI: 13.6-24.0, P = 0.52) and 22.4% (97.5% CI: 17.2-28.3, P < 0.001) at 14 and 30 days, respectively. Lethality rates were lower in the validation dataset, that included 920 patients. No signal of specific drug toxicity was reported. In the exploratory multivariable logistic regression analysis, older age and lower PaO2/FiO2 ratio negatively affected survival, while the concurrent use of steroids was associated with greater survival. A statistically significant interaction was found between tocilizumab and respiratory support, suggesting that tocilizumab might be more effective in patients not requiring mechanical respiratory support at baseline.
CONCLUSIONS
Tocilizumab reduced lethality rate at 30 days compared with null hypothesis, without significant toxicity. Possibly, this effect could be limited to patients not requiring mechanical respiratory support at baseline. Registration EudraCT (2020-001110-38); clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04317092).

Identifiants

pubmed: 33087150
doi: 10.1186/s12967-020-02573-9
pii: 10.1186/s12967-020-02573-9
pmc: PMC7576974
doi:

Substances chimiques

Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized 0
tocilizumab I031V2H011

Banques de données

ClinicalTrials.gov
['NCT04317092']

Types de publication

Clinical Trial, Phase II Journal Article Multicenter Study

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

405

Investigateurs

Francesco Perrone (F)
Maria Carmela Piccirillo (MC)
Clorinda Schettino (C)
Adriano Gravina (A)
Piera Gargiulo (P)
Claudia Cardone (C)
Laura Arenare (L)
Paolo Antonio Ascierto (PA)
Maria Grazia Vitale (MG)
Claudia Trojaniello (C)
Marco Palla (M)
Attilio Antonio Montano Bianchi (AAM)
Gerardo Botti (G)
Gianfranco De Feo (G)
Leonardo Miscio (L)
Ciro Gallo (C)
Paolo Chiodini (P)
Laurenzia Ferraris (L)
Massimiliano M Marrocco-Trischitta (MM)
Marco Froldi (M)
Lorenzo Menicanti (L)
Maria Teresa Cuppone (MT)
Giulia Gobbo (G)
Chiara Baldessari (C)
Vincenzo Valenti (V)
Serenella Castelvecchio (S)
Federica Poli (F)
Francesca Giacomazzi (F)
Rosangela Piccinni (R)
Maria Laura Annnunziata (ML)
Andrea Biondi (A)
Cecilia Bussolari (C)
Manuel Mazzoleni (M)
Andrea Giachi (A)
Annalisa Filtz (A)
Arianna Manini (A)
Enrico Poletti (E)
Federico Masserini (F)
Francesco Conforti (F)
Gianfranco Gaudiano (G)
Vittoria Favero (V)
Alice Moroni (A)
Tommaso Viva (T)
Fabiana Fancoli (F)
Davide Ferrari (D)
Dario Niro (D)
Marco Resta (M)
Andrea Ballotta (A)
Marco Dei Poli (MD)
Marco Ranucci (M)
Diego Ripamonti (D)
Francesca Binda (F)
Alessandra Tebaldi (A)
Giuseppe Gritti (G)
Luisa Pasulo (L)
Leonardo Gaglio (L)
Roberto Del Fabbro (R)
Leonardo Alborghetti (L)
Paolo Bonfanti (P)
Nicola Squillace (N)
Giulia Giustinetti (G)
Paola Columpsi (P)
Marina Cazzaniga (M)
Serena Capici (S)
Luca Sala (L)
Riccardo Di Sciacca (R)
Giacomo Mosca (G)
Maria Rosa Pirozzi (MR)
Francesco Castelli (F)
Maria Lorenza Muiesan (ML)
Franco Franceschini (F)
Aldo Roccaro (A)
Massimo Salvetti (M)
Anna Paini (A)
Luciano Corda (L)
Chiara Ricci (C)
Lina Tomasoni (L)
Paola Nasta (P)
Silvia Lorenzotti (S)
Silvia Odolini (S)
Emanuele Focà (E)
Eugenia Quiros Roldan (EQ)
Marco Metra (M)
Stefano Magrini (S)
Paolo Borghetti (P)
Nicola Latronico (N)
Simone Piva (S)
Matteo Filippini (M)
Francesco Zuccalà (F)
Sergio Cattaneo (S)
Francesco Scolari (F)
Nicola Bossini (N)
Mario Gaggiotti (M)
Martina Properzi (M)
Miriam Lichtner (M)
Cosmo Del Borgo (C)
Raffaella Marocco (R)
Valeria Belvisi (V)
Tiziana Tieghi (T)
Margherita De Masi (M)
Paola Zuccalà (P)
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Emanuela Del Giudice (E)
Riccardo Lubrano (R)
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Type : ErratumIn

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Auteurs

Francesco Perrone (F)

Clinical Trial Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS, Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy. f.perrone@istitutotumori.na.it.

Maria Carmela Piccirillo (MC)

Clinical Trial Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS, Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy.

Paolo Antonio Ascierto (PA)

Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Development Therapeutics Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS, Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy.

Carlo Salvarani (C)

Rheumathology, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia and Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.

Roberto Parrella (R)

Cotugno Hospital, AORN Ospedali dei Colli, Napoli, Italy.

Anna Maria Marata (AM)

Emilia Romagna Health Directorate, Bologna, Italy.

Patrizia Popoli (P)

Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Roma, Italy.

Laurenzia Ferraris (L)

Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Health Direction, IRCCS - Policlinico San Donato, Milano Milano, Italy.

Massimiliano M Marrocco-Trischitta (MM)

Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Health Direction, IRCCS - Policlinico San Donato, Milano Milano, Italy.

Diego Ripamonti (D)

Infectious Diseases Unit - ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy.

Francesca Binda (F)

Infectious Diseases Unit - ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy.

Paolo Bonfanti (P)

Infectious Diseases Unit, ASST Monza and University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy.

Nicola Squillace (N)

Infectious Diseases Unit, ASST Monza and University Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy.

Francesco Castelli (F)

University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy.

Maria Lorenza Muiesan (ML)

University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy.

Miriam Lichtner (M)

Sapienza University of Rome, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, Latina, Italy.

Carlo Calzetti (C)

Infectious Diseases and Hepatology Unit AOU, Parma, Italy.

Nicola Duccio Salerno (ND)

UOC Malattie Infettive e Tropicali, AOUI, Verona, Italy.

Luigi Atripaldi (L)

Cotugno Hospital, AORN Ospedali dei Colli, Napoli, Italy.

Marco Cascella (M)

Anesthesia and Resuscitation Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS, Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy.

Massimo Costantini (M)

Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.

Giovanni Dolci (G)

Rheumathology, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia and Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.

Nicola Cosimo Facciolongo (NC)

Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.

Fiorentino Fraganza (F)

Cotugno Hospital, AORN Ospedali dei Colli, Napoli, Italy.

Marco Massari (M)

Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.

Vincenzo Montesarchio (V)

Cotugno Hospital, AORN Ospedali dei Colli, Napoli, Italy.

Cristina Mussini (C)

Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.

Emanuele Alberto Negri (EA)

Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.

Gerardo Botti (G)

Clinical Trial Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS, Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy.

Claudia Cardone (C)

Clinical Trial Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS, Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy.

Piera Gargiulo (P)

Clinical Trial Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS, Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy.

Adriano Gravina (A)

Clinical Trial Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS, Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy.

Clorinda Schettino (C)

Clinical Trial Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS, Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy.

Laura Arenare (L)

Clinical Trial Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS, Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy.

Paolo Chiodini (P)

Department of Mental Health and Preventive Medicine, Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy.

Ciro Gallo (C)

Department of Mental Health and Preventive Medicine, Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy.

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