Aetiology of superficial fungal infections of the foot in urban outpatients in mainland China: A multicentre, prospective case study.
dermatophytes
epidemiology
skin infection
superficial infection
Journal
Mycoses
ISSN: 1439-0507
Titre abrégé: Mycoses
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 8805008
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Nov 2020
Nov 2020
Historique:
received:
17
06
2020
revised:
11
08
2020
accepted:
11
08
2020
entrez:
22
10
2020
pubmed:
23
10
2020
medline:
2
2
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
In China, the prevalence of superficial fungal infections of the foot is high and recurrence is common. However, a prospective, large-scale and multicentre study on the aetiology of superficial fungal infections of the foot is still lacking. To study the epidemiology of aetiological agents of superficial fungal infections of the foot in urban outpatients in mainland China, as well as to understand the aetiology features of the pathogenic agent. The study was designed as a multicentre, prospective epidemiological survey. A total of 1704 subjects were enrolled from seven geographical areas in mainland China. For each subject, one mycological sample and one bacterial sample were collected. KOH wet mount examination and culture were performed at local laboratories. The bacterial results were only reported in those with positive mycology. Further morphological identification and, if necessary, molecular biological identification were conducted in a central laboratory. Of 1704 enrolled subjects, 1327 (77.9%) subjects had positive fungal culture results. The incidence of dermatophytes, yeasts and moulds was 90.1%, 8.1% and 1.1%, respectively. The most frequently isolated aetiological agent (fungus) was Trichophyton rubrum. Moccasin form was the most commonly reported clinical diagnosis of superficial fungal infections. The most frequently isolated bacterial genus in patients was Staphylococcus. This study prospectively investigated the clinical and mycological features of human dermatophytosis in mainland China. T rubrum was the most frequently isolated fungus, and moccasin form was the most commonly reported clinical diagnosis of superficial fungal infections.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
In China, the prevalence of superficial fungal infections of the foot is high and recurrence is common. However, a prospective, large-scale and multicentre study on the aetiology of superficial fungal infections of the foot is still lacking.
OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVE
To study the epidemiology of aetiological agents of superficial fungal infections of the foot in urban outpatients in mainland China, as well as to understand the aetiology features of the pathogenic agent.
METHODS
METHODS
The study was designed as a multicentre, prospective epidemiological survey. A total of 1704 subjects were enrolled from seven geographical areas in mainland China. For each subject, one mycological sample and one bacterial sample were collected. KOH wet mount examination and culture were performed at local laboratories. The bacterial results were only reported in those with positive mycology. Further morphological identification and, if necessary, molecular biological identification were conducted in a central laboratory.
RESULTS
RESULTS
Of 1704 enrolled subjects, 1327 (77.9%) subjects had positive fungal culture results. The incidence of dermatophytes, yeasts and moulds was 90.1%, 8.1% and 1.1%, respectively. The most frequently isolated aetiological agent (fungus) was Trichophyton rubrum. Moccasin form was the most commonly reported clinical diagnosis of superficial fungal infections. The most frequently isolated bacterial genus in patients was Staphylococcus.
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSIONS
This study prospectively investigated the clinical and mycological features of human dermatophytosis in mainland China. T rubrum was the most frequently isolated fungus, and moccasin form was the most commonly reported clinical diagnosis of superficial fungal infections.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Multicenter Study
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1235-1243Subventions
Organisme : Xi'an Janssen Pharmaceutical Ltd
ID : NOPRODANP4001
Informations de copyright
© 2020 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.
Références
Liao T, Wang G, Lin M, Lu J, Dong X. Epidemiological Survey on tinea manus and pedis in Outpatients. J Pre Med Inf. 2001;17:269-270.
Liu Y, Li H, He L, Wan P, Liu T, Liu H. Survey of fungal infection of foot in outpatients. Chin J Mycol. 2007;2:162-165.
Ilkit M, Durdu M. Tinea pedis: the etiology and global epidemiology of a common fungal infection. Crit Rev Microbiol. 2015;41(3):374-388.
Seebacher C, Bouchara JP, Mignon B. Updates on the epidemiology of dermatophyte infections. Mycopathologia. 2008;166(5-6):335-352.
Rogers D, Kilkenny M, Marks R. The descriptive epidemiology of tinea pedis in the community. Australas J Dermatol. 1996;37:178-184.
Borman AM, Campbell CK, Fraser M, Johnson EM. Analysis of the dermatophyte species isolated in the British Isles between 1980 and 2005 and review of worldwide dermatophyte trends over the last three decades. Med Mycol. 2007;45(2):131-141.7.
Falahati M, Akhlaghi L, Lari AR, Alaghehbandan R. Epidemiology of dermatophytoses in an area south of Tehran, Iran. Mycopathologia. 2003;156(4):279-287.
Wu SX, Guo NR, Li XF, et al. Human pathogenic fungi in China-emerging trends from ongoing national survey for 1986, 1996, and 2006. Mycopathologia. 2011;171(6):387-393.
Devliotou-Panagiotidou D, Koussidou-Eremondi T, Karakatsanis G, Minas A, Chrysomallis F, Badillet G. Dermatophytosis due to Trichophyton rubrum in northern Greece during the decade 1981-1990. Mycoses. 1992;35(11-12):375-380.
Panasiti V, Devirgiliis V, Borroni RG, et al. Epidemiology of dermatophytic infections in Rome, Italy: a retrospective study from 2002 to 2004. Med Mycol. 2007;45(1):57-60.
Sei Y. 2011 Epidemiological survey of dermatomycoses in Japan. Med Mycol J. 2015;56(4):J129-J135.
Toukabri N, Dhieb C, El Euch D, Rouissi M, Mokni M, Sadfi-Zouaoui N. Prevalence, etiology, and risk factors of tinea pedis and tinea unguium in Tunisia. Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol. 2017;2017:6835725.
Perea S, Ramos MJ, Garau M, Gonzalez A, Noriega AR, del Palacio A. Prevalence and risk factors of tinea unguium and tinea pedis in the general population in Spain. J Clin Microbiol. 2000;38(9):3226-3230.
Rezaei-Matehkolaei A, Rafiei A, Makimura K, Gräser Y, Gharghani M, Sadeghi-Nejad B. Epidemiological aspects of dermatophytosis in khuzestan, southwestern Iran, an update. Mycopathologia. 2016;181(7-8):547-553.
Liu X, Tan J, Yang H, et al. Characterization of skin microbiome in tinea pedis. Indian J Microbiol. 2019;59(4):422-427.
Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of onychomycosis in China (2015 edition). Chin J Mycol. 2015;2015(10):118-125.
Fu M, Li M, Li R, et al. Comparison of 2 weeks versus 4 weeks of luliconazole 1% cream for the treatment of tinea pedis:a randomized, double-blind, multicenter, controHed trial. Chin J of Dermatol. 2014;47:453-456.
Guo N. Progress in the treatment of foot dampness in traditional Chinese medicine. Asia-Pac Tradit Med. 2013;9:63-64.