The Relative Densities of Cytoplasm and Nuclear Compartments Are Robust against Strong Perturbation.
Journal
Biophysical journal
ISSN: 1542-0086
Titre abrégé: Biophys J
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0370626
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
17 11 2020
17 11 2020
Historique:
received:
15
04
2020
revised:
22
07
2020
accepted:
04
08
2020
pubmed:
23
10
2020
medline:
15
5
2021
entrez:
22
10
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The cell nucleus is a compartment in which essential processes such as gene transcription and DNA replication occur. Although the large amount of chromatin confined in the finite nuclear space could install the picture of a particularly dense organelle surrounded by less dense cytoplasm, recent studies have begun to report the opposite. However, the generality of this newly emerging, opposite picture has so far not been tested. Here, we used combined optical diffraction tomography and epi-fluorescence microscopy to systematically quantify the mass densities of cytoplasm, nucleoplasm, and nucleoli of human cell lines, challenged by various perturbations. We found that the nucleoplasm maintains a lower mass density than cytoplasm during cell cycle progression by scaling its volume to match the increase of dry mass during cell growth. At the same time, nucleoli exhibited a significantly higher mass density than the cytoplasm. Moreover, actin and microtubule depolymerization and changing chromatin condensation altered volume, shape, and dry mass of those compartments, whereas the relative distribution of mass densities was generally unchanged. Our findings suggest that the relative mass densities across membrane-bound and membraneless compartments are robustly conserved, likely by different as-of-yet unknown mechanisms, which hints at an underlying functional relevance. This surprising robustness of mass densities contributes to an increasing recognition of the importance of physico-chemical properties in determining cellular characteristics and compartments.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33091376
pii: S0006-3495(20)30809-2
doi: 10.1016/j.bpj.2020.08.044
pmc: PMC7732746
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Chromatin
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1946-1957Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2020 Biophysical Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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