Pre-exposure to mechanical ventilation and endotoxemia increases Pseudomonas aeruginosa growth in lung tissue during experimental porcine pneumonia.
Animals
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid
Cytokines
/ blood
Disease Models, Animal
Endotoxemia
/ complications
Female
Inflammation
/ blood
Lung
/ microbiology
Male
Nitrites
/ urine
Norepinephrine
/ metabolism
Organ Size
Perfusion
Pneumonia
/ complications
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
/ growth & development
Respiration, Artificial
Swine
Journal
PloS one
ISSN: 1932-6203
Titre abrégé: PLoS One
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101285081
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2020
2020
Historique:
received:
17
06
2020
accepted:
01
10
2020
entrez:
27
10
2020
pubmed:
28
10
2020
medline:
15
12
2020
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Immune system suppression during critical care contributes to the risk of acquired bacterial infections with Pseudomonas (P.) aeruginosa. Repeated exposure to endotoxin can attenuate systemic inflammatory cytokine responses. Mechanical ventilation affects the systemic inflammatory response to various stimuli. To study the effect of pre-exposure to mechanical ventilation with and without endotoxin-induced systemic inflammation on P. aeruginosa growth and wet-to-dry weight measurements on lung tissue and plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukins 6 and 10. Two groups of pigs were exposed to mechanical ventilation for 24 hours before bacterial inoculation and six h of experimental pneumonia (total experimental time 30 h): A30h+Etx (n = 6, endotoxin 0.063 μg x kg-1 x h-1) and B30h (n = 6, saline). A third group, C6h (n = 8), started the experiment at the bacterial inoculation unexposed to endotoxin or mechanical ventilation (total experimental time 6 h). Bacterial inoculation was performed by tracheal instillation of 1x1011 colony-forming units of P. aeruginosa. Bacterial cultures and wet-to-dry weight ratio analyses were done on lung tissue samples postmortem. Separate group comparisons were done between A30h+Etx vs.B30h (Inflammation) and B30h vs. C6h (Ventilation Time) during the bacterial phase of 6 h. P. aeruginosa growth was highest in A30h+Etx, and lowest in C6h (Inflammation and Ventilation Time both p<0.05). Lung wet-to-dry weight ratios were highest in A30h+Etx and lowest in B30h (Inflammation p<0.01, Ventilation Time p<0.05). C6h had the highest TNF-α levels in plasma (Ventilation Time p<0.01). No differences in bronchoalveolar lavage variables between the groups were observed. Mechanical ventilation and systemic inflammation before the onset of pneumonia increase the growth of P. aeruginosa in lung tissue. The attenuated growth of P. aeruginosa in the non-pre-exposed animals (C6h) was associated with a higher systemic TNF-α production elicited from the bacterial challenge.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Immune system suppression during critical care contributes to the risk of acquired bacterial infections with Pseudomonas (P.) aeruginosa. Repeated exposure to endotoxin can attenuate systemic inflammatory cytokine responses. Mechanical ventilation affects the systemic inflammatory response to various stimuli.
AIM
To study the effect of pre-exposure to mechanical ventilation with and without endotoxin-induced systemic inflammation on P. aeruginosa growth and wet-to-dry weight measurements on lung tissue and plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukins 6 and 10.
METHODS
Two groups of pigs were exposed to mechanical ventilation for 24 hours before bacterial inoculation and six h of experimental pneumonia (total experimental time 30 h): A30h+Etx (n = 6, endotoxin 0.063 μg x kg-1 x h-1) and B30h (n = 6, saline). A third group, C6h (n = 8), started the experiment at the bacterial inoculation unexposed to endotoxin or mechanical ventilation (total experimental time 6 h). Bacterial inoculation was performed by tracheal instillation of 1x1011 colony-forming units of P. aeruginosa. Bacterial cultures and wet-to-dry weight ratio analyses were done on lung tissue samples postmortem. Separate group comparisons were done between A30h+Etx vs.B30h (Inflammation) and B30h vs. C6h (Ventilation Time) during the bacterial phase of 6 h.
RESULTS
P. aeruginosa growth was highest in A30h+Etx, and lowest in C6h (Inflammation and Ventilation Time both p<0.05). Lung wet-to-dry weight ratios were highest in A30h+Etx and lowest in B30h (Inflammation p<0.01, Ventilation Time p<0.05). C6h had the highest TNF-α levels in plasma (Ventilation Time p<0.01). No differences in bronchoalveolar lavage variables between the groups were observed.
CONCLUSIONS
Mechanical ventilation and systemic inflammation before the onset of pneumonia increase the growth of P. aeruginosa in lung tissue. The attenuated growth of P. aeruginosa in the non-pre-exposed animals (C6h) was associated with a higher systemic TNF-α production elicited from the bacterial challenge.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33108383
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240753
pii: PONE-D-20-18632
pmc: PMC7591049
doi:
Substances chimiques
Cytokines
0
Nitrites
0
Norepinephrine
X4W3ENH1CV
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e0240753Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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