Review and Consensus on Pharmacogenomic Testing in Psychiatry.

The implementation of pharmacogenomic (PGx) testing in psychiatry remains modest, in part due to divergent perceptions of the quality and completeness of the evidence base and diverse perspectives on the clinical utility of PGx testing among psychiatrists and other healthcare providers. Recognizing the current lack of consensus within the field, the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics assembled a group of experts to conduct a narrative synthesis of the PGx literature, prescribing guidelines, and product labels related to psychotropic medications as well as the key considerations and limitations related to the use of PGx testing in psychiatry. The group concluded that to inform medication selection and dosing of several commonly-used antidepressant and antipsychotic medications, current published evidence, prescribing guidelines, and product labels support the use of PGx testing for 2 cytochrome P450 genes (

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Dr. Bousman reports a grant from Alberta Innovates Strategic Research Project G2018000868, during the conduct of the study; and he has received in-kind testing kits from Myriad Neuroscience, CNSDose, Genomind, and AB-Biotics for research purposes but has not received payments or received any equity, stocks, or options in these companies or any other pharmacogenetic companies. Dr. Bengesser has nothing to disclose. Dr. Aitchison reports grants from Alberta Innovates Strategic Research Project G2018000868, other from Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, other from Department of Psychiatry, during the conduct of the study; non-financial support from HLS Therapeutics, grants from Janssen Inc., Canada, outside the submitted work; and Member, Pharmacogene Variation Consortium (PharmVar); Coauthor, Haplotype Translators for CYP2D6 and CYP2C19; Member, Alberta Cannabis Research and Innovation Network; Member, Schizophrenia Society of Alberta; Board Member, Canadian Consortium for Early Intervention in Psychosis. Dr. Amare has nothing to disclose. Dr. Aschauer has nothing to disclose. Dr. Baune has nothing to disclose. Ms. Behroozi Asl reports grants from Alberta Innovates, during the conduct of the study. Dr. Bishop reports personal fees from OptumRx, outside the submitted work; and he is a member of the Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium. Dr. Burmeister reports personal fees from Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shen Zhen), personal fees from Research Grants Council (RGC) of Hong Kong, personal fees from Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, outside the submitted work. Dr. Chaumette reports personal fees from Janssen-Cilag, grants from Fondation Bettencourt-Schueller, outside the submitted work. Dr. Chen has nothing to disclose. Dr. Cordner has nothing to disclose. Dr. Deckert reports grants from DFG, grants from BMBF, grants from Vogel-Foundation, grants from EU, grants from Bavarian Secretary of Commerce, outside the submitted work. Dr. Degenhardt has nothing to disclose. Dr. DeLisi has nothing to disclose. Dr. Folkersen has nothing to disclose. Dr. Kennedy has a patent 'PGx of Antipsychotic Response'; and 'PGx of Wt Gain' both pending. No licensees. Dr. Kennedy's affiliated hospital, (which is not his employer) the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, is a part owner of the Canadian subsidiary of Myriad Neuroscience, USA. Dr. Klein reports grants from NIH/NHGRI, during the conduct of the study. Dr. McClay has nothing to disclose. Dr. McMahon has nothing to disclose. Dr. Musil reports personal fees from Otsuka/Lundbeck, outside the submitted work. Dr. Saccone reports that her spouse is listed as an inventor on Issued U.S. Patent 8,080,371, “Markers for Addiction” covering the use of certain single nucleotide polymorphisms in determining the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of addiction. Dr. Sangkuhl reports grants from NIH/NHGRI, during the conduct of the study. Dr. Stowe has nothing to disclose. Dr. Tan has nothing to disclose. Dr. Tiwari reports that he is a co-investigator on two pharmacogenetic studies where genetic test kits were provided as in-kind contribution by Assurex Health (Myriad Neuroscience) but he did not receive any payments or any equity, stocks, or options from this company or any other pharmacogenetic companies. Dr. Tiwari is also a co-inventor on a patent assessing risk for antipsychotic-induced weight gain. Dr. C. Zai has a patent for suicide markers issued, and a patent for antipsychotic-induced weight gain markers pending. Dr. G. Zai has nothing to disclose. Dr. Zhang has nothing to disclose. Dr. Gaedigk has nothing to disclose. Dr. Müller reports to be a co-investigator on two pharmacogenetic studies where genetic test kits were provided as in-kind contribution by Myriad Neuroscience. He did not receive any payments or any equity, stocks, or options from any pharmacogenetic companies. Dr. Müller is also a co-inventor on two patent assessing risk for antipsychotic-induced weight gain (pending).