Phylogenetic analysis of Trichostrongylus vitrinus isolates from southwest Iran.
Animals
Feces
/ parasitology
Genotype
Goat Diseases
/ epidemiology
Goats
/ parasitology
Humans
Intestine, Small
/ parasitology
Iran
/ epidemiology
Livestock
New Zealand
Phylogeny
Sheep
/ parasitology
Sheep Diseases
/ epidemiology
Species Specificity
Trichostrongylosis
/ epidemiology
Trichostrongylus
/ classification
United Kingdom
ITS2-rDNA
Phylogenetic analysis
Trichostrongylus vitrinus
Journal
Parasites & vectors
ISSN: 1756-3305
Titre abrégé: Parasit Vectors
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101462774
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
07 Nov 2020
07 Nov 2020
Historique:
received:
27
04
2020
accepted:
30
10
2020
entrez:
8
11
2020
pubmed:
9
11
2020
medline:
14
7
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Trichostrongylus is one of the most important zoonotic trichostrongylid nematodes, infecting mostly livestock. Data on its genetic characteristics are lacking in Iran. We determined the phylogenetic relationships of Trichostrongylus species in three counties of Kohgiloyeh and Boyerahmad (K-B) province, southwest Iran. Small intestine and abomasum of 70 sheep and goats were investigated. A total of 35 isolates of Trichostrongylus worms were detected and all were genetically identified as Trichostrongylus vitrinus. Analysis of 321 bp of the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) of ribosomal DNA revealed 16 genotypes. All genotypes were single nucleotide polymorphisms, including some hypervariable points. All sequences were trimmed to 170 bp, compared with sequences on GenBank including short sequences from other endemic foci of Iran and other countries and all isolates were used to generate a maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree, which consisted of two clades A and B. Clade A included isolates from Iran, Russia, New Zealand, Australia and the UK; clade B only contained South African isolates. Most clade A isolates (north, southwest and west Iran, Russia, New Zealand, Australia and UK) were in a similar phylogenetic position. One subclade was detected in clade A (isolates from Southwest Iran, New Zealand and UK). We hypothesize that drug resistant T. vitrinus may account for its exclusive detection in our samples. The high similarity of genotypes from Iran, New Zealand and UK may be due to their close political relationships during the colonial era. More research is needed to understand better the phylogeny of T. vitrinus and its relationship with drug resistance and human transmission.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Trichostrongylus is one of the most important zoonotic trichostrongylid nematodes, infecting mostly livestock. Data on its genetic characteristics are lacking in Iran.
METHODS
METHODS
We determined the phylogenetic relationships of Trichostrongylus species in three counties of Kohgiloyeh and Boyerahmad (K-B) province, southwest Iran. Small intestine and abomasum of 70 sheep and goats were investigated.
RESULTS
RESULTS
A total of 35 isolates of Trichostrongylus worms were detected and all were genetically identified as Trichostrongylus vitrinus. Analysis of 321 bp of the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) of ribosomal DNA revealed 16 genotypes. All genotypes were single nucleotide polymorphisms, including some hypervariable points. All sequences were trimmed to 170 bp, compared with sequences on GenBank including short sequences from other endemic foci of Iran and other countries and all isolates were used to generate a maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree, which consisted of two clades A and B. Clade A included isolates from Iran, Russia, New Zealand, Australia and the UK; clade B only contained South African isolates. Most clade A isolates (north, southwest and west Iran, Russia, New Zealand, Australia and UK) were in a similar phylogenetic position. One subclade was detected in clade A (isolates from Southwest Iran, New Zealand and UK).
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
We hypothesize that drug resistant T. vitrinus may account for its exclusive detection in our samples. The high similarity of genotypes from Iran, New Zealand and UK may be due to their close political relationships during the colonial era. More research is needed to understand better the phylogeny of T. vitrinus and its relationship with drug resistance and human transmission.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33160415
doi: 10.1186/s13071-020-04438-y
pii: 10.1186/s13071-020-04438-y
pmc: PMC7648934
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
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