Childhood cancer epidemiology in the Czech Republic (1994-2016).
Childhood cancer
Czech Republic
Incidence
Mortality
Survival
Journal
Cancer epidemiology
ISSN: 1877-783X
Titre abrégé: Cancer Epidemiol
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 101508793
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
12 2020
12 2020
Historique:
received:
18
06
2020
revised:
13
10
2020
accepted:
18
10
2020
pubmed:
24
11
2020
medline:
13
4
2021
entrez:
23
11
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The knowledge of cancer burden in the population, its time trends and the possibility of international comparison is an important starting point for cancer control programmes. Our study aimed to evaluate trends in childhood cancer epidemiology of patients aged 0-14 years in the period 1994-2016 in the Czech Republic. Data on childhood cancers have been obtained from the Czech National Cancer Registry. These data were validated using the clinical database of childhood cancer patients and combined with data from death certificates. Incidence and mortality trends were assessed by the joinpoint regression method. The life tables method was used to calculate the overall age-standardised five-year survival. The incidence trend was stable; the age-standardised (world) cancer incidence - ASR (W) - was 173.7 per 1 million children in the period 1994-2016. However, there was apparent significant decrease in mortality: ASR (W) dropped from 58.1 per 1 million children in 1994 to 21.4 per 1 million children in 2016. The overall five-year survival increased over time by 10 %. Statistically significant improvements in survival were observed in patients with lymphoid leukaemia, astrocytomas, neuroblastomas, osteosarcomas and rhabdomyosarcomas. Such a relevant increase in survival rates, and therefore also a decrease in mortality rates in the Czech Republic, is most likely due to improvements in diagnostic and treatment methods since the 1990s, which were facilitated by the concentration of childhood cancer patients in children's cancer centres.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
The knowledge of cancer burden in the population, its time trends and the possibility of international comparison is an important starting point for cancer control programmes. Our study aimed to evaluate trends in childhood cancer epidemiology of patients aged 0-14 years in the period 1994-2016 in the Czech Republic.
METHODS
Data on childhood cancers have been obtained from the Czech National Cancer Registry. These data were validated using the clinical database of childhood cancer patients and combined with data from death certificates. Incidence and mortality trends were assessed by the joinpoint regression method. The life tables method was used to calculate the overall age-standardised five-year survival.
RESULTS
The incidence trend was stable; the age-standardised (world) cancer incidence - ASR (W) - was 173.7 per 1 million children in the period 1994-2016. However, there was apparent significant decrease in mortality: ASR (W) dropped from 58.1 per 1 million children in 1994 to 21.4 per 1 million children in 2016. The overall five-year survival increased over time by 10 %. Statistically significant improvements in survival were observed in patients with lymphoid leukaemia, astrocytomas, neuroblastomas, osteosarcomas and rhabdomyosarcomas.
CONCLUSION
Such a relevant increase in survival rates, and therefore also a decrease in mortality rates in the Czech Republic, is most likely due to improvements in diagnostic and treatment methods since the 1990s, which were facilitated by the concentration of childhood cancer patients in children's cancer centres.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33223489
pii: S1877-7821(20)30182-X
doi: 10.1016/j.canep.2020.101848
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
101848Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.