Insights into non-classic and emerging causes of hypopituitarism.
Adenoma
/ complications
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone
/ deficiency
Autoimmune Hypophysitis
/ complications
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
/ complications
Dwarfism, Pituitary
/ genetics
Empty Sella Syndrome
/ complications
Endocrine System Diseases
/ genetics
Genetic Diseases, Inborn
/ genetics
Humans
Hypoglycemia
/ genetics
Hypogonadism
/ genetics
Hypophysitis
/ complications
Hypopituitarism
/ chemically induced
Hypothyroidism
/ genetics
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
/ adverse effects
Oxytocin
/ metabolism
Pituitary Apoplexy
/ complications
Pituitary Neoplasms
/ complications
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
/ complications
Journal
Nature reviews. Endocrinology
ISSN: 1759-5037
Titre abrégé: Nat Rev Endocrinol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101500078
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
02 2021
02 2021
Historique:
accepted:
19
10
2020
pubmed:
29
11
2020
medline:
13
3
2021
entrez:
28
11
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Hypopituitarism is defined as one or more partial or complete pituitary hormone deficiencies, which are related to the anterior and/or posterior gland and can have an onset in childhood or adulthood. The most common aetiology is a sellar or suprasellar lesion, often an adenoma, which causes hypopituitarism due to tumour mass effects, or the effects of surgery and/or radiation therapy. However, other clinical conditions, such as traumatic brain injury, and autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, can result in hypopituitarism, and there are also genetic causes of hypopituitarism. Furthermore, the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors to treat cancer is increasing the risk of hypopituitarism, with a pattern of hormone defects that is different from the classic patterns and depends on mechanisms that are specific for each drug. Moreover, autoantibody production against the pituitary and hypothalamus has been demonstrated in studies investigating the development or worsening of some cases of hypopituitarism. Finally, evidence suggests that posterior pituitary damage can affect oxytocin secretion. The aim of this Review is to summarize current knowledge on non-classic and emerging causes of hypopituitarism, so as to help clinicians improve early identification, avoid life-threatening events and improve the clinical care and quality of life of patients at risk of hypopituitarism.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33247226
doi: 10.1038/s41574-020-00437-2
pii: 10.1038/s41574-020-00437-2
doi:
Substances chimiques
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
0
Oxytocin
50-56-6
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone
9002-60-2
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
114-129Références
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