Current clinical practice of cardiac resynchronization therapy in Turkey: Reflections from Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Survey-II.

Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has been shown to reduce mortality in selected patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). CRT Survey-II was a snapshot survey to assess current clinical practice with regard to CRT. Herein, we aimed to compare Turkish data with other countries of European Society of Cardiology (ESC). The survey was conducted between October 2015 and December 2016 in 42 ESC member countries. All consecutive patients who underwent a de novo CRT implantation or a CRT upgrade were eligible. A total of 288 centers included 11,088 patients. From Turkey, 16 centers recruited 424 patients representing 12.9% of all implantations. Compared to the entire cohort, Turkish patients were younger with a lower proportion of men and a higher proportion with ischemic etiology. Electrocardiography (ECG) showed sinus rhythm in 81.5%, a QRS duration of <130 ms in 10.1%, and ≥150 ms in 63.8% of patients. Left bundle branch block (LBBB) was more common. Median left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was 25%, lower than in the overall ESC cohort, but NYHA class was more often II. Most common indication for CRT implantation was HF with a wide QRS (70.8%). Almost 98.3% of devices implanted were CRT-D, in contrast to the overall cohort. Fluoroscopy time was longer, but duration of overall procedure was shorter. LV lead implantation was unsuccessful in 2.6% patients. Periprocedural complication rate was 6.3%. The most common complication was bleeding. Remote monitoring was less utilized. These are the first observational data reflecting the current CRT practice in Turkey and comparing it with other countries of Europe. Findings of this study may help detect gaps and provide insights for improvement.