Hunters, busybodies and the knowledge network building associated with deprivation curiosity.
Journal
Nature human behaviour
ISSN: 2397-3374
Titre abrégé: Nat Hum Behav
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101697750
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
03 2021
03 2021
Historique:
received:
21
09
2019
accepted:
24
09
2020
pubmed:
2
12
2020
medline:
2
4
2021
entrez:
1
12
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The open-ended and internally driven nature of curiosity makes characterizing the information seeking that accompanies it a daunting endeavour. We use a historico-philosophical taxonomy of information seeking coupled with a knowledge network building framework to capture styles of information-seeking in 149 participants as they explore Wikipedia for over 5 hours spanning 21 days. We create knowledge networks in which nodes represent distinct concepts and edges represent the similarity between concepts. We quantify the tightness of knowledge networks using graph theoretical indices and use a generative model of network growth to explore mechanisms underlying information-seeking. Deprivation curiosity (the tendency to seek information that eliminates knowledge gaps) is associated with the creation of relatively tight networks and a relatively greater tendency to return to previously visited concepts. With this framework in hand, future research can readily quantify the information seeking associated with curiosity.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33257879
doi: 10.1038/s41562-020-00985-7
pii: 10.1038/s41562-020-00985-7
pmc: PMC8082236
mid: NIHMS1683530
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
327-336Subventions
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R01 MH112847
Pays : United States
Organisme : NINDS NIH HHS
ID : R01 NS099348
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R01 MH107235
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDCD NIH HHS
ID : R01 DC009209
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R21 MH106799
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
ID : K01 DA047417
Pays : United States
Organisme : NICHD NIH HHS
ID : R01 HD086888
Pays : United States
Références
Gottlieb, J., Oudeyer, P. Y., Lopes, M. & Baranes, A. Information-seeking, curiosity, and attention: computational and neural mechanisms. Trends Cogn. Sci. 17, 585–593 (2013).
pubmed: 24126129
pmcid: 4193662
doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2013.09.001
Gottlieb, J. & Oudeyer, P. Y. Towards a neuroscience of active sampling and curiosity. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 19, 758–770 (2018).
pubmed: 30397322
doi: 10.1038/s41583-018-0078-0
Kidd, C. & Hayden, B. Y. The psychology and neuroscience of curiosity. Neuron 88, 449–460 (2015).
pubmed: 26539887
pmcid: 4635443
doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2015.09.010
Blanchard, T. C., Hayden, B. Y. & Bromberg-Martin, E. S. Orbitofrontal cortex uses distinct codes for different choice attributes in decisions motivated by curiosity. Neuron 85, 602–614 (2015).
pubmed: 25619657
pmcid: 4320007
doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2014.12.050
Brydevall, M., Bennett, D., Murawski, C. & Bode, S. The neural encoding of information prediction errors during non-instrumental information seeking. Sci. Rep. 8, 6134 (2018).
pubmed: 29666461
pmcid: 5904167
doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-24566-x
Daddaoua, N., Lopes, M. & Gottlieb, J. Intrinsically motivated oculomotor exploration guided by uncertainty reduction and conditioned reinforcement in non-human primates. Sci. Rep. 6, 20202 (2016).
pubmed: 26838344
pmcid: 4738323
doi: 10.1038/srep20202
Lydon-Staley, D. M., Zurn, P. & Bassett, D. S. Within-person variability in curiosity during daily life and associations with well-being. J. Pers. 88, 625–641 (2020).
pubmed: 31519052
doi: 10.1111/jopy.12515
Park, S., Kim, M.-S. & Chun, M. M. Concurrent working memory load can facilitate selective attention: evidence for specialized load. J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform. 33, 1062–1075 (2007).
pubmed: 17924807
doi: 10.1037/0096-1523.33.5.1062
Peterson, C., Ruch, W., Beermann, U., Park, N. & Seligman, M. E. Strengths of character, orientations to happiness, and life satisfaction. J. Posit. Psychol. 2, 149–156 (2007).
doi: 10.1080/17439760701228938
Fredrickson, B. L. in Advances in Experimental Social Psychology (eds Plant, E. A. & Devine, P. G.) 1–53 (Academic Press, 2013).
Fredrickson, B. L. The role of positive emotions in positive psychology. Am. Psychol. 56, 218–226 (2001).
pubmed: 11315248
pmcid: 3122271
doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.56.3.218
Kashdan, T. B., Rose, P. & Fincham, F. D. Curiosity and exploration: facilitating positive subjective experiences and personal growth opportunities. J. Pers. Assess. 82, 291–305 (2004).
pubmed: 15151805
doi: 10.1207/s15327752jpa8203_05
Nowotny, H. Insatiable Curiosity: Innovation in a Fragile Future (MIT Press, 2010).
Zurn, P. in Toward New Philosophical Explorations of the Epistemic Desire to Know: Just Curious about Curiosity (ed. Papastefanou, M.) 27–49 (Cambridge Scholars Press, 2019).
Heidegger, M. Being and Time (trans. Stambaugh, J.) (State Univ. of New York Press, 1996).
Yonge, C. D. (trans.) The Works of Philo: Complete and Unabridged (Hendrickson, 1993).
Helmbold, W. C. et al. Plutarch’s Moralia Vol. 1 (Harvard Univ. Press, 1960).
Nietzsche, F. Beyond Good and Evil (trans. Kaufmann, W.) (Vintage Books, 1996).
Zurn, P. & Bassett, D. S. On curiosity: a fundamental aspect of personality, a practice of network growth. Pers. Neurosci. 1, e13 (2018).
Baranes, A., Oudeyer, P. Y. & Gottlieb, J. Eye movements reveal epistemic curiosity in human observers. Vis. Res. 117, 81–90 (2015).
pubmed: 26518743
doi: 10.1016/j.visres.2015.10.009
Risko, E. F., Anderson, N. C., Lanthier, S. & Kingstone, A. Curious eyes: individual differences in personality predict eye movement behavior in scene-viewing. Cognition 122, 86–90 (2012).
pubmed: 21983424
doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2011.08.014
Bassett, D. S. in Curiosity Studies: Toward a New Ecology of Knowledge (eds Zurn, P. & Shankar, A.) 57–74 (Univ. of Minnesota Press, 2019).
West, R. & Leskovec, J. Human wayfinding in information networks. Proc. 21st Int. Conf. World Wide Web 117, 619–628 (2012).
Gross, J. L. & Yellen, J. Handbook of Graph Theory (CRC, 2004).
Newman, M. Networks (Oxford Univ. Press, 2018).
Loewenstein, G. The psychology of curiosity: a review and reinterpretation. Psychol. Bull. 116, 75–98 (1994).
doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.116.1.75
Litman, J. A. & Mussel, P. Validity of the interest- and deprivation-type epistemic curiosity model in Germany. J. Individ. Differ. 34, 59–68 (2013).
doi: 10.1027/1614-0001/a000100
Litman, J. A. Interest and deprivation factors of epistemic curiosity. Pers. Individ. Differ. 44, 1585–1595 (2008).
doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2008.01.014
Litman, J. A. & Jimerson, T. L. The measurement of curiosity as a feeling of deprivation. J. Pers. Assess. 82, 147–157 (2004).
pubmed: 15041521
doi: 10.1207/s15327752jpa8202_3
Kashdan, T. B. et al. The five-dimensional curiosity scale: capturing the bandwidth of curiosity and identifying four unique subgroups of curious people. J. Res. Pers. 73, 130–149 (2018).
doi: 10.1016/j.jrp.2017.11.011
Litman, J. A. Relationships between measures of I- and D-type curiosity, ambiguity tolerance, and need for closure: an initial test of the wanting–liking model of information-seeking. Pers. Individ. Differ. 48, 397–402 (2010).
doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2009.11.005
Golman, R. & Loewenstein, G. Information gaps: a theory of preferences regarding the presence and absence of information. Decision 5, 143–164 (2018).
doi: 10.1037/dec0000068
Litman, J. in The Cambridge Handbook on Motivation and Learning (eds Renniger, K. A. & Hidi, S. E.) 418–422 (Cambridge Univ. Press, 2019).
Lauriola, M. et al. Epistemic curiosity and self-regulation. Pers. Individ. Differ. 83, 202–207 (2015).
doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2015.04.017
FitzGibbon, L., Lau, J. K. L. & Murayama, K. The seductive lure of curiosity: information as a motivationally salient reward. Curr. Opin. Behav. Sci. 35, 21–27 (2020).
doi: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2020.05.014
Berridge, K. C. From prediction error to incentive salience: mesolimbic computation of reward motivation. Eur. J. Neurosci. 35, 1124–1143 (2012).
pubmed: 22487042
pmcid: 3325516
doi: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2012.07990.x
Berridge, K. C. The debate over dopamine’s role in reward: the case for incentive salience. Psychopharmacology 191, 391–431 (2007).
pubmed: 17072591
doi: 10.1007/s00213-006-0578-x
Robinson, T. E. & Berridge, K. C. Incentive-sensitization and drug ‘wanting’. Psychopharmacology 171, 352–353 (2004).
doi: 10.1007/s00213-003-1602-z
Berridge, K. C. & Robinson, T. E. What is the role of dopamine in reward: hedonic impact, reward learning, or incentive salience? Brain Res. Rev. 28, 309–369 (1998).
pubmed: 9858756
doi: 10.1016/S0165-0173(98)00019-8
Lau, J. K. L., Ozono, H., Kuratomi, K., Komiya, A. & Murayama, K. Shared striatal activity in decisions to satisfy curiosity and hunger at the risk of electric shocks. Nat. Hum. Behav. 4, 531–543 (2020).
pubmed: 32231281
doi: 10.1038/s41562-020-0848-3
Kobayashi, K. & Hsu, M. Common neural code for reward and information value. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 116, 13061–13066 (2019).
pubmed: 31186358
doi: 10.1073/pnas.1820145116
Gruber, M. J., Gelman, B. D. & Ranganath, C. States of curiosity modulate hippocampus-dependent learning via the dopaminergic circuit. Neuron 84, 486–496 (2014).
pubmed: 25284006
pmcid: 4252494
doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2014.08.060
Shin, D. D. & Kim, S.-i. Homo curious: curious or interested? Educ. Psychol. Rev. 31, 853–874 (2019).
doi: 10.1007/s10648-019-09497-x
Scholtes, I. When is a network a network? Multi-order graphical model selection in pathways and temporal networks. Preprint at arXiv https://arxiv.org/abs/1702.05499 (2017).
West, R. & Leskovec, J. Automatic versus human navigation in information networks. In Proc. 6th International AAAI Conference on Weblogs and Social Media (ed. Breslin, J.) 362–369 (AAAI, 2012).
Lamprecht, D., Lerman, K., Helic, D. & Strohmaier, M. How the structure of Wikipedia articles influences user navigation. New Rev. Hypermedia Multimed. 23, 29–50 (2017).
pubmed: 28670171
doi: 10.1080/13614568.2016.1179798
Lemmerich, F., Sáez-Trumper, D., West, R. & Zia, L. Why the world reads Wikipedia: beyond English speakers. In Proc. 12th ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining (eds. Culpepper, J. S. & Moffat, A.) 618–626 (ACM, 2019).
Singer, P. et al. Why we read Wikipedia. In Proc. 26th International Conference on World Wide Web (eds. Barrett, R. & Cummings, R.) 1591–1600 (International World Wide Web Conferences Steering Committee, 2017).
Kashdan, T. B. & Steger, M. F. Curiosity and pathways to well-being and meaning in life: traits, states, and everyday behaviors. Motiv. Emot. 31, 159–173 (2007).
doi: 10.1007/s11031-007-9068-7
Zuckerman, M. Behavioral Expressions and Biosocial Bases of Sensation Seeking (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1994).
Lydon-Staley, D. & Bassett, D. Within-person variability in sensation-seeking during daily life: positive associations with alcohol use and self-defined risky behaviors. Psychol. Addict. Behav. 34, 257–268 (2020).
pubmed: 31815502
doi: 10.1037/adb0000535
Kleiman, E. E. MAtools: Data management tools for real-time monitoring/ecological momentary assessment data. R package version 0.1.3 (2017).
Onnela, J. P., Saramäki, J., Kertész, J. & Kaski, K. Intensity and coherence of motifs in weighted complex networks. Phys. Rev. E 71, 065103 (2005).
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.71.065103
Latora, V. & Marchiori, M. Efficient behavior of small-world networks. Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 198701 (2001).
pubmed: 11690461
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.198701
Van Wijk, B. C., Stam, C. J. & Daffertshofer, A. Comparing brain networks of different size and connectivity density using graph theory. PLoS ONE 5, e13701 (2010).
pubmed: 21060892
pmcid: 2965659
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0013701
Viswanathan, G. M. et al. Optimizing the success of random searches. Nature 401, 911–914 (1999).
pubmed: 10553906
doi: 10.1038/44831
Viswanathan, G. et al. Lévy flights in random searches. Physica A 282, 208–213 (2000).
doi: 10.1016/S0378-4371(00)00071-6
Sims, D. W. et al. Scaling laws of marine predator search behaviour. Nature 451, 1098–1102 (2008).
pubmed: 18305542
doi: 10.1038/nature06518
Hills, T. T., Maouene, M., Maouene, J., Sheya, A. & Smith, L. Longitudinal analysis of early semantic networks: preferential attachment or preferential acquisition? Psychol. Sci. 20, 729–739 (2009).
pubmed: 19470123
pmcid: 4216730
doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02365.x
Santos, M., Viswanathan, G., Raposo, E. & da Luz, M. Optimization of random searches on regular lattices. Phys. Rev. E 72, 046143 (2005).
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.72.046143
Wosniack, M., Santos, M., Raposo, E., Viswanathan, G. & Da Luz, M. Robustness of optimal random searches in fragmented environments. Phys. Rev. E 91, 052119 (2015).
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.91.052119
Raposo, E. P. et al. How landscape heterogeneity frames optimal diffusivity in searching processes. PLoS Comput. Biol. 7, e1002233 (2011).
pubmed: 22072951
pmcid: 3207935
doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002233
Harris, T. H. et al. Generalized Lévy walks and the role of chemokines in migration of effector CD8
pubmed: 22722867
pmcid: 3387349
doi: 10.1038/nature11098
Rhee, I. et al. On the Levy-walk nature of human mobility. IEEE ACM Trans. Netw. 19, 630–643 (2011).
doi: 10.1109/TNET.2011.2120618
Rhodes, T. & Turvey, M. T. Human memory retrieval as Lévy foraging. Physica A 385, 255–260 (2007).
doi: 10.1016/j.physa.2007.07.001
Bartumeus, F. Lévy processes in animal movement: an evolutionary hypothesis. Fractals 15, 151–162 (2007).
doi: 10.1142/S0218348X07003460
Humphries, N. E. et al. Environmental context explains Lévy and Brownian movement patterns of marine predators. Nature 465, 1066–1069 (2010).
pubmed: 20531470
doi: 10.1038/nature09116
Viswanathan, G. M., Da Luz, M. G., Raposo, E. P. & Stanley, H. E. The Physics of Foraging: An Introduction to Random Searches and Biological Encounters (Cambridge Univ. Press, 2011).
Wosniack, M. E., Santos, M. C., Raposo, E. P., Viswanathan, G. M. & da Luz, M. G. The evolutionary origins of Lévy walk foraging. PLoS Comput. Biol. 13, e1005774 (2017).
pubmed: 28972973
pmcid: 5640246
doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005774
Hills, T. T. Animal foraging and the evolution of goal-directed cognition. Cogn. Sci. 30, 3–41 (2006).
pubmed: 21702807
doi: 10.1207/s15516709cog0000_50
Todd, P. M., Hills, T. T. & Robbins, T. W. Cognitive Search: Evolution, Algorithms, and the Brain Vol. 9 (MIT Press, 2012).
Berlyne, D. E. Conflict, Arousal, and Curiosity (McGraw-Hill, 1960).
Day, H. An Instrument for the Measurement of Intrinsic Motivation: An Interim Report to the Department of Manpower and Immigration (York University, 1969).
Leherissey, B. L. The Development of a Measure of State Epistemic Curiosity (ERIC, 1971).
Litman, J. A. & Spielberger, C. D. Measuring epistemic curiosity and its diversive and specific components. J. Pers. Assess. 80, 75–86 (2003).
pubmed: 12584070
doi: 10.1207/S15327752JPA8001_16
Zurn, P. & Bassett, D. S. Philosophy of biology: seizing an opportunity. eLife 8, e48336 (2019).
pubmed: 31210641
pmcid: 6581503
doi: 10.7554/eLife.48336
Johnson, K. T. in Curiosity Studies: Toward a New Ecology of Knowledge (eds Zurn, P. & Shankar, A.) 129–146 (Univ. of Minnesota Press, 2020).
Kenett, Y. N., Anaki, D. & Faust, M. Investigating the structure of semantic networks in low and high creative persons. Front. Hum. Neurosci. 8, 407 (2014).
pubmed: 24959129
pmcid: 4051268
doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2014.00407
Kenett, Y. N. & Faust, M. A semantic network cartography of the creative mind. Trends Cogn. Sci. 23, 271–274 (2019).
pubmed: 30803872
doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2019.01.007
Fosco, G. M. & Lydon-Staley, D. M. A within-family examination of interparental conflict, cognitive appraisals, and adolescent mood and well-being. Child Dev. 90, e421–e436 (2019).
pubmed: 29171662
doi: 10.1111/cdev.12997
Carver, C. S. & White, T. L. Behavioral inhibition, behavioral activation, and affective responses to impending reward and punishment: the bis/bas scales. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 67, 319–333 (1994).
doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.67.2.319
Costa, P. T. & McCrae, R. R. Normal personality assessment in clinical practice: the neo personality inventory. Psychol. Assess. 4, 5–13 (1992).
doi: 10.1037/1040-3590.4.1.5