Gender variations in neonatal and early infant mortality in India and Pakistan: a secondary analysis from the Global Network Maternal Newborn Health Registry.
Early neonatal mortality
Global network
Late neonatal mortality
Low-middle income countries
Sex variation in mortality
Stillbirth
Journal
Reproductive health
ISSN: 1742-4755
Titre abrégé: Reprod Health
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101224380
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
17 Dec 2020
17 Dec 2020
Historique:
received:
23
10
2020
accepted:
29
10
2020
entrez:
18
12
2020
pubmed:
19
12
2020
medline:
16
6
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
To determine the gender differences in neonatal mortality, stillbirths, and perinatal mortality in south Asia using the Global Network data from the Maternal Newborn Health Registry. This study is a secondary analysis of prospectively collected data from the three south Asian sites of the Global Network. The maternal and neonatal demographic, clinical characteristics, rates of stillbirths, early neonatal mortality (1-7 days), late neonatal mortality (8-28 days), mortality between 29-42 days and the number of infants hospitalized after birth were compared between the male and female infants. Between 2010 and 2018, 297,509 births [154,790 males (52.03%) and 142,719 females (47.97%)] from two Indian sites and one Pakistani site were included in the analysis [288,859 live births (97.1%) and 8,648 stillbirths (2.9%)]. The neonatal mortality rate was significantly higher in male infants (33.2/1,000 live births) compared to their female counterparts (27.4/1,000, p < 0.001). The rates of stillbirths (31.0 vs. 26.9/1000 births) and early neonatal mortality (27.1 vs 21.6/1000 live births) were also higher in males. However, there were no significant differences in late neonatal mortality (6.3 vs. 5.9/1000 live births) and mortality between 29-42 days (2.1 vs. 1.9/1000 live births) between the two groups. More male infants were hospitalized within 42 days after birth (1.8/1000 vs. 1.3/1000 live births, p < 0.001) than females. The risks of stillbirths, and early neonatal mortality were higher among male infants than their female counterparts. However, there was no gender difference in mortality after 7 days of age. Our results highlight the importance of stratifying neonatal mortality into early and late neonatal period to better understand the impact of gender on neonatal mortality. The information from this study will help in developing strategies and identifying measures that can reduce differences in sex-specific mortality.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
To determine the gender differences in neonatal mortality, stillbirths, and perinatal mortality in south Asia using the Global Network data from the Maternal Newborn Health Registry.
METHODS
METHODS
This study is a secondary analysis of prospectively collected data from the three south Asian sites of the Global Network. The maternal and neonatal demographic, clinical characteristics, rates of stillbirths, early neonatal mortality (1-7 days), late neonatal mortality (8-28 days), mortality between 29-42 days and the number of infants hospitalized after birth were compared between the male and female infants.
RESULTS
RESULTS
Between 2010 and 2018, 297,509 births [154,790 males (52.03%) and 142,719 females (47.97%)] from two Indian sites and one Pakistani site were included in the analysis [288,859 live births (97.1%) and 8,648 stillbirths (2.9%)]. The neonatal mortality rate was significantly higher in male infants (33.2/1,000 live births) compared to their female counterparts (27.4/1,000, p < 0.001). The rates of stillbirths (31.0 vs. 26.9/1000 births) and early neonatal mortality (27.1 vs 21.6/1000 live births) were also higher in males. However, there were no significant differences in late neonatal mortality (6.3 vs. 5.9/1000 live births) and mortality between 29-42 days (2.1 vs. 1.9/1000 live births) between the two groups. More male infants were hospitalized within 42 days after birth (1.8/1000 vs. 1.3/1000 live births, p < 0.001) than females.
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSIONS
The risks of stillbirths, and early neonatal mortality were higher among male infants than their female counterparts. However, there was no gender difference in mortality after 7 days of age. Our results highlight the importance of stratifying neonatal mortality into early and late neonatal period to better understand the impact of gender on neonatal mortality. The information from this study will help in developing strategies and identifying measures that can reduce differences in sex-specific mortality.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33334358
doi: 10.1186/s12978-020-01028-0
pii: 10.1186/s12978-020-01028-0
pmc: PMC7745348
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
178Subventions
Organisme : NICHD NIH HHS
ID : UG1 HD076457
Pays : United States
Organisme : NICHD NIH HHS
ID : UG1 HD078438
Pays : United States
Organisme : NICHD NIH HHS
ID : UG1 HD078439
Pays : United States
Références
Bull World Health Organ. 2006 Sep;84(9):706-13
pubmed: 17128340
Minerva Pediatr. 2018 Aug;70(4):345-354
pubmed: 27077685
Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2013 Mar;27(2):172-81
pubmed: 23374062
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019 May 7;116(19):9303-9311
pubmed: 30988199
Behav Processes. 2000 Oct 5;51(1-3):149-166
pubmed: 11074318
Matern Health Neonatol Perinatol. 2015 May 04;1:11
pubmed: 27057328
Obstet Gynecol. 2009 Nov;114(5):1085-92
pubmed: 20168111
J Perinat Med. 2014 Mar;42(2):225-31
pubmed: 24222256
J Perinat Med. 2012 Jan 23;40(3):271-6
pubmed: 22505506
Reprod Health Matters. 2002 May;10(19):190-2
pubmed: 12369327
BMC Med. 2014 Nov 27;12:220
pubmed: 25428603
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2014 Oct 26;14:372
pubmed: 25344636
J Biosoc Sci. 2018 Sep;50(5):604-625
pubmed: 28967347
Bull World Health Organ. 2009 Feb;87(2):130-8
pubmed: 19274365
Acta Paediatr. 2004 Apr;93(4):529-33
pubmed: 15188982
Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2000 Nov;83(3):F182-5
pubmed: 11040165
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Apr 1;105(13):5016-21
pubmed: 18362357
BJOG. 2019 May;126(6):737-743
pubmed: 30554474
Am J Perinatol. 2018 Jul;35(9):844-851
pubmed: 29365329
J Glob Health. 2017 Dec;7(2):020402
pubmed: 28959437
J Health Popul Nutr. 2002 Dec;20(4):306-11
pubmed: 12659410
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2014 May;27(8):839-43
pubmed: 24047512
Lancet. 2011 Jun 4;377(9781):1921-8
pubmed: 21612820
Pediatrics. 2008 Feb;121(2):244-52
pubmed: 18245414
Sci Rep. 2017 Aug 18;7(1):8736
pubmed: 28821800
J Health Popul Nutr. 2009 Feb;27(1):62-71
pubmed: 19248649
Indian J Pediatr. 2016 May;83(5):410-3
pubmed: 26666905
BMJ Open. 2017 Aug 11;7(8):e014179
pubmed: 28801386
J Epidemiol Community Health. 2013 Dec 1;67(12):986-91
pubmed: 23873992
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2017 Jun;30(11):1267-1272
pubmed: 27399933
Reprod Health. 2015;12 Suppl 2:S1
pubmed: 26063166
J Biosoc Sci. 2013 Nov;45(6):823-40
pubmed: 23302114