Renin-angiotensin system inhibition and outcome after coronary artery bypass grafting: A population-based study from the SWEDEHEART registry.


Journal

International journal of cardiology
ISSN: 1874-1754
Titre abrégé: Int J Cardiol
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 8200291

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
15 05 2021
Historique:
received: 09 08 2020
revised: 30 11 2020
accepted: 16 12 2020
pubmed: 29 12 2020
medline: 29 5 2021
entrez: 28 12 2020
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors are recommended postoperatively to coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) patients with reduced left ventricular function, diabetes, hypertension or previous myocardial infarction, but not to remaining patients. The aim of the study was to assess the long-term utilization of RAS inhibitors after CABG in patients with and without indication for treatment, and its association with outcome. All patients (n = 28,782) not meeting exclusion criterion in Sweden who underwent isolated first time CABG from 2006 to 2015 were included using nationwide registries. The association between treatment and outcome was assessed using adjusted Cox regression models with time-updated data on medications. The primary outcome was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), defined as all-cause mortality, stroke and/or myocardial infarction. At baseline 26,284 (91.3%) of the patients had at least one indication for RAS inhibition while 2498 (8.7%) had not. RAS inhibitors were dispensed to 77.0% and 29.7% of patients with and without indication respectively. Dispense declined over time. RAS inhibition was associated with a reduction in MACE in the whole study population (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 0.88, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.83-0.93, p < 0.0001), and in patients with (aHR 0.87 95% CI: 0.82-0.93, p < 0.0001) and without indication (aHR 0.75, 95% CI: 0.58-0.98, p = 0.034). RAS inhibition is underutilized after CABG. The use of RAS inhibitors was associated with a reduction in MACE, both in patients with and without indication for treatment. The results suggest that RAS inhibition is beneficial for all CABG patients. Randomized controlled trials are necessary to confirm this hypothesis.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND
Renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors are recommended postoperatively to coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) patients with reduced left ventricular function, diabetes, hypertension or previous myocardial infarction, but not to remaining patients. The aim of the study was to assess the long-term utilization of RAS inhibitors after CABG in patients with and without indication for treatment, and its association with outcome.
METHODS
All patients (n = 28,782) not meeting exclusion criterion in Sweden who underwent isolated first time CABG from 2006 to 2015 were included using nationwide registries. The association between treatment and outcome was assessed using adjusted Cox regression models with time-updated data on medications. The primary outcome was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), defined as all-cause mortality, stroke and/or myocardial infarction.
RESULTS
At baseline 26,284 (91.3%) of the patients had at least one indication for RAS inhibition while 2498 (8.7%) had not. RAS inhibitors were dispensed to 77.0% and 29.7% of patients with and without indication respectively. Dispense declined over time. RAS inhibition was associated with a reduction in MACE in the whole study population (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 0.88, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.83-0.93, p < 0.0001), and in patients with (aHR 0.87 95% CI: 0.82-0.93, p < 0.0001) and without indication (aHR 0.75, 95% CI: 0.58-0.98, p = 0.034).
CONCLUSIONS
RAS inhibition is underutilized after CABG. The use of RAS inhibitors was associated with a reduction in MACE, both in patients with and without indication for treatment. The results suggest that RAS inhibition is beneficial for all CABG patients. Randomized controlled trials are necessary to confirm this hypothesis.

Identifiants

pubmed: 33359277
pii: S0167-5273(20)34304-7
doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2020.12.056
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

40-45

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Declaration of Competing Interest The authors report no relationships that could be construed as a conflict of interest.

Auteurs

Andreas Martinsson (A)

Department of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Sweden. Electronic address: andreas.s.martinsson@vgregion.se.

Susanne J Nielsen (SJ)

Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Sweden; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Erik Björklund (E)

Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Sweden; Department of Medicine, South Älvsborg Hospital, Borås, Sweden.

Aldina Pivodic (A)

Statistiska konsultgruppen, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Carl Johan Malm (CJ)

Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Sweden; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Emma C Hansson (EC)

Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Sweden; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Anders Jeppsson (A)

Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Sweden; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.

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