High Prevalence of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria in Cystic Fibrosis Patients in Tropical French Reunion Island.
Journal
The Pediatric infectious disease journal
ISSN: 1532-0987
Titre abrégé: Pediatr Infect Dis J
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 8701858
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 03 2021
01 03 2021
Historique:
pubmed:
12
1
2021
medline:
25
9
2021
entrez:
11
1
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Reunion Island is a French overseas department located in a tropical area, where cystic fibrosis incidence is high. Cystic fibrosis (CF) patients are at risk of developing nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infection. Epidemiologic studies are lacking in Reunion Island. From 2002 to 2015, a retrospective review was performed in university hospitals on Reunion Island. All CF patients having at least 1 positive NTM isolate were included. Clinical, radiologic, and microbiologic data were collected from patient records. Fifty-one CF patients were included. The overall estimated prevalence of NTM was 26.4% in total CF population and 36.9% in patients over 12 years of age. Mycobacterium abscessus and Mycobacterium avium were the most frequently identified species found in 31 patients (60.8%) and 14 patients (27.4%), respectively. A rare NTM species: Mycobacterium simiae was found in 4 patients (7.8%). Twenty-nine patients (56.9%) met the American Thoracic Society (ATS) criteria for infection. They were more likely younger with a low body mass index and more frequently infected by Mycobacterium abscessus (22/29). The overall prevalence of NTM in tropical Reunion Island is 3 times higher than in metropolitan France. A different environmental exposure in a tropical climate or risk factors related to cystic fibrosis or its treatment in Reunion patients could explain it.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Reunion Island is a French overseas department located in a tropical area, where cystic fibrosis incidence is high. Cystic fibrosis (CF) patients are at risk of developing nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infection. Epidemiologic studies are lacking in Reunion Island.
METHODS
From 2002 to 2015, a retrospective review was performed in university hospitals on Reunion Island. All CF patients having at least 1 positive NTM isolate were included. Clinical, radiologic, and microbiologic data were collected from patient records.
RESULTS
Fifty-one CF patients were included. The overall estimated prevalence of NTM was 26.4% in total CF population and 36.9% in patients over 12 years of age. Mycobacterium abscessus and Mycobacterium avium were the most frequently identified species found in 31 patients (60.8%) and 14 patients (27.4%), respectively. A rare NTM species: Mycobacterium simiae was found in 4 patients (7.8%). Twenty-nine patients (56.9%) met the American Thoracic Society (ATS) criteria for infection. They were more likely younger with a low body mass index and more frequently infected by Mycobacterium abscessus (22/29).
CONCLUSION
The overall prevalence of NTM in tropical Reunion Island is 3 times higher than in metropolitan France. A different environmental exposure in a tropical climate or risk factors related to cystic fibrosis or its treatment in Reunion patients could explain it.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33427803
doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000002999
pii: 00006454-202103000-00026
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e120-e122Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2021 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors have no funding or conflicts of interest to disclose.
Références
Esther C, Esserman D, Gilligan P, et al. Mycobacterium abscessus infection and lung function decline in cystic fibrosis. J Cyst Fibros 2010;9:117–123.
Olivier KN, Weber DJ, Wallace RJ Jr, et al.; Nontuberculous Mycobacteria in Cystic Fibrosis Study Group. Nontuberculous mycobacteria. I: multicenter prevalence study in cystic fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2003;167:828–834.
Adjemian J, Olivier KN, Seitz AE, et al. Spatial clusters of nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease in the United States. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2012;186:553–558.
Fauroux B, Delaisi B, Clément A, et al. Mycobacterial lung disease in cystic fibrosis: a prospective study. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1997;16:354–358.
Coolen N, Morand P, Martin C, et al. Reduced risk of nontuberculous mycobacteria in cystic fibrosis adults receiving long-term azithromycin. J Cyst Fibros. 2015;14:594–599.
Mussaffi H, Rivlin J, Shalit I, et al. Nontuberculous mycobacteria in cystic fibrosis associated with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and steroid therapy. Eur Respir J. 2005;25:324–328.
Adjemian J, Frankland TB, Daida YG, et al. Epidemiology of nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease and tuberculosis, Hawaii, USA. Emerg Infect Dis. 2017;23:439–447.
Bouso JM, Burns JJ, Amin R, et al. Household proximity to water and nontuberculous mycobacteria in children with cystic fibrosis. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2017;52:324–330.
Adjemian J, Olivier KN, Prevots DR. Nontuberculous mycobacteria among patients with cystic fibrosis in the United States: screening practices and environmental risk. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2014;190:581–586.
Prevots DR, Adjemian J, Fernandez AG, et al. Environmental risks for nontuberculous mycobacteria. Individual exposures and climatic factors in the cystic fibrosis population. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2014;11:1032–1038.
Thomson R, Tolson C, Carter R, et al. Isolation of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) from household water and shower aerosols in patients with pulmonary disease caused by NTM. J Clin Microbiol. 2013;51:3006–3011.
Kirschner RA Jr, Parker BC, Falkinham JO III. Epidemiology of infection by nontuberculous mycobacteria. Mycobacterium avium , Mycobacterium intracellulare , and Mycobacterium scrofulaceum in acid, brown-water swamps of the southeastern United States and their association with environmental variables. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1992;145(2 Pt 1):271–275.
Aitken ML, Limaye A, Pottinger P, et al. Respiratory outbreak of Mycobacterium abscessus subspecies massiliense in a lung transplant and cystic fibrosis center. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2012;185:231–232.
Coolen-Allou N, Touron T, Belmonte O, et al. Clinical, radiological, and microbiological characteristics of Mycobacterium simiae infection in 97 patients. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2018;62:e00395-18.
Hana M, Sahly EL, Septimus E, et al. Mycobacterium simiae pseudo-outbreak resulting from a contaminated hospital water supply in Houston, Texas. Clin Infect Dis. 2002;35:802–807.
Kwak N, Dalcolmo MP, Daley CL, et al. Mycobacterium abscessus pulmonary disease: individual patient data meta-analysis. Eur Respir J. 2019;54:1801991.