Dynamics of the preterm gut microbiome in health and disease.
Animals
Bacteria
/ growth & development
Dysbiosis
Enterocolitis, Necrotizing
/ microbiology
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
Gestational Age
Host-Pathogen Interactions
Humans
Infant, Newborn
Infant, Premature
Intestines
/ microbiology
Neonatal Sepsis
/ microbiology
Prebiotics
Probiotics
/ therapeutic use
Prognosis
Risk Factors
dysbiosis
gut microbiome
necrotizing enterocolitis
preterm
sepsis
Journal
American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology
ISSN: 1522-1547
Titre abrégé: Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 100901227
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 04 2021
01 04 2021
Historique:
pubmed:
14
1
2021
medline:
11
5
2021
entrez:
13
1
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Advances in metagenomics have allowed a detailed study of the gut microbiome, and its role in human health and disease. Infants born prematurely possess a fragile gut microbial ecosystem that is vulnerable to perturbation. Alterations in the developing gut microbiome in preterm infants are linked to life-threatening diseases such as necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and late-onset sepsis; and may impact future risk of asthma, atopy, obesity, and psychosocial disease. In this mini-review, we summarize recent literature on the origins and patterns of development of the preterm gut microbiome in the perinatal period. The host-microbiome-environmental factors that portend development of dysbiotic intestinal microbial patterns associated with NEC and sepsis are reviewed. Strategies to manipulate the microbiome and mitigate dysbiosis, including the use of probiotics and prebiotics will also be discussed. Finally, we explore the challenges and future directions of gut microbiome research in preterm infants.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33439103
doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.00399.2020
pmc: PMC8238167
doi:
Substances chimiques
Prebiotics
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
G411-G419Subventions
Organisme : NIDDK NIH HHS
ID : K08 DK125735
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDDK NIH HHS
ID : R01 DK117296
Pays : United States
Organisme : HHS | NIH | National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
ID : K08DK125735
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