[Antitumoral microorganisms: The Swiss army knife of immunotherapy].
Micro-organismes anti-cancéreux et armement - Le couteau suisse de l’immunothérapie.
Animals
Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological
/ administration & dosage
Genetic Therapy
/ methods
Genetic Vectors
/ therapeutic use
Humans
Immunologic Factors
/ administration & dosage
Immunotherapy
/ methods
Microorganisms, Genetically-Modified
/ genetics
Neoplasms
/ immunology
Tumor Microenvironment
/ genetics
Journal
Medecine sciences : M/S
ISSN: 1958-5381
Titre abrégé: Med Sci (Paris)
Pays: France
ID NLM: 8710980
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Jan 2021
Jan 2021
Historique:
entrez:
25
1
2021
pubmed:
26
1
2021
medline:
28
10
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Research on viruses, bacteria and protozoa-based immunotherapy has been on the rise for several years. The antitumoral efficacy of these microorganisms relies on three main mechanisms: Destruction of tumor cells, stimulation of the immune response and reprogramming of the tumor microenvironment. In order to optimize their immunotherapeutic action, these microorganisms can be genetically engineered to enhance their tumor-targeting efficacy or to vectorize immunostimulating molecules and/or antibodies. To this aim, molecular engineering allows the design of new antibody formats optimizing their functions. From whole antibodies to tandem single-chain variable fragments, various antibody formats can be vectorized by microorganisms to target receptors such as immune checkpoints or recruit immune effector cells within the tumor. Such possibilities broaden the arsenal of immunotherapeutic cancer treatment. This review focuses on these innovations and their advantages for immunotherapy. Micro-organismes anti-cancéreux et armement - Le couteau suisse de l’immunothérapie. Depuis plusieurs années, la recherche sur les micro-organismes pour une utilisation à des fins d’immunothérapie antitumorale est en plein essor. L’efficacité antitumorale de ces micro-organismes repose sur trois mécanismes principaux : la destruction des cellules tumorales, la stimulation du système immunitaire et la reprogrammation du microenvironnement tumoral. Afin d’optimiser leur action immunothérapeutique, ces micro-organismes peuvent être génétiquement modifiés pour les rendre capables de vectoriser des molécules immunostimulantes ou des anticorps. Par ingénierie moléculaire, il est désormais possible de diversifier les formats et fonctions de ces anticorps afin d’inhiber les points de contrôle immunitaire ou encore de recruter les cellules immunitaires effectrices au site de la tumeur. Cette Synthèse s’intéresse particulièrement à ces innovations et à leurs avantages en immunothérapie.
Autres résumés
Type: Publisher
(fre)
Micro-organismes anti-cancéreux et armement - Le couteau suisse de l’immunothérapie.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33492218
doi: 10.1051/medsci/2020259
pii: msc200293
doi:
Substances chimiques
Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological
0
Immunologic Factors
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
fre
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
47-52Informations de copyright
© 2021 médecine/sciences – Inserm.
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