Size for gestational age affects the risk for type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents: a Swedish national case-control study.
Adolescent
Age of Onset
Birth Weight
/ physiology
Case-Control Studies
Child
Child, Preschool
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
/ epidemiology
Female
Fetal Development
/ physiology
Fetal Macrosomia
/ complications
Fetus
/ anatomy & histology
Gestational Age
Humans
Infant, Newborn
Infant, Small for Gestational Age
Male
Pregnancy
Risk Factors
Sweden
/ epidemiology
Age at onset
Children
Epidemiology
Large for gestational age
Risk factor
Small for gestational age
Type 1 diabetes
Journal
Diabetologia
ISSN: 1432-0428
Titre abrégé: Diabetologia
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 0006777
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
05 2021
05 2021
Historique:
received:
31
08
2020
accepted:
11
11
2020
pubmed:
6
2
2021
medline:
23
2
2022
entrez:
5
2
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Environmental factors are believed to contribute to the risk of developing type 1 diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate how size for gestational age affects the risk of developing childhood type 1 diabetes. Using the Swedish paediatric diabetes quality register and the Swedish medical birth register, children with type 1 diabetes diagnosed between 2000 and 2012 (n = 9376) were matched with four control children (n = 37,504). Small for gestational age (SGA) and large for gestational age (LGA) were defined according to Swedish national standards. Data were initially analysed using Pearson's χ An equal proportion of children were born appropriate for gestational age, but children with type 1 diabetes were more often born LGA and less often born SGA than control children (4.7% vs 3.5% and 2.0% vs 2.6%, respectively, p < 0.001). In the multiple logistic regression analysis, being born LGA increased (adjusted OR 1.16 [95% CI 1.02, 1.32]) and SGA decreased (adjusted OR 0.76 [95% CI 0.63, 0.92]) the risk for type 1 diabetes, regardless of maternal BMI and diabetes. Size for gestational age of Swedish children affects the risk of type 1 diabetes, with increased risk if the child is born LGA and decreased risk if the child is born SGA. Being born LGA is an independent risk factor for type 1 diabetes irrespective of maternal BMI and diabetes. Thus, reducing the risk for a child being born LGA might to some extent reduce the risk for type 1 diabetes.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33544169
doi: 10.1007/s00125-021-05381-y
pii: 10.1007/s00125-021-05381-y
pmc: PMC8012313
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1113-1120Références
Dahlquist GG, Nystrom L, Patterson CC, Swedish Childhood Diabetes Study Group, Diabetes Incidence in Sweden Study Group (2011) Incidence of type 1 diabetes in Sweden among individuals aged 0-34 years, 1983-2007: an analysis of time trends. Diabetes Care 34(8):1754–1759. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc11-0056
doi: 10.2337/dc11-0056
pubmed: 21680725
pmcid: 3142045
Sanjeevi CB, Sedimbi SK, Landin-Olsson M et al (2008) Risk conferred by HLA-DR and DQ for type 1 diabetes in 0-35-year age group in Sweden. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1150:106–111. https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1447.061
doi: 10.1196/annals.1447.061
pubmed: 19120278
Rewers M, Ludvigsson J (2016) Environmental risk factors for type 1 diabetes. Lancet 387(10035):2340–2348. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30507-4
doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30507-4
pubmed: 27302273
pmcid: 5571740
Pociot F, Lernmark A (2016) Genetic risk factors for type 1 diabetes. Lancet 387(10035):2331–2339. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30582-7
doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30582-7
pubmed: 27302272
Stene LC, Gale EA (2013) The prenatal environment and type 1 diabetes. Diabetologia 56(9):1888–1897. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-013-2929-6
doi: 10.1007/s00125-013-2929-6
pubmed: 23657800
Chiavaroli V, Castorani V, Guidone P et al (2016) Incidence of infants born small- and large-for-gestational-age in an Italian cohort over a 20-year period and associated risk factors. Ital J Pediatr 42:42. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13052-016-0254-7
doi: 10.1186/s13052-016-0254-7
pubmed: 27117061
pmcid: 4845339
Cardwell CR, Carson DJ, Patterson CC (2005) Parental age at delivery, birth order, birth weight and gestational age are associated with the risk of childhood type 1 diabetes: a UK regional retrospective cohort study. Diabet Med 22(2):200–206. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-5491.2005.01369.x
doi: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2005.01369.x
pubmed: 15660739
Harder T, Roepke K, Diller N, Stechling Y, Dudenhausen JW, Plagemann A (2009) Birth weight, early weight gain, and subsequent risk of type 1 diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Epidemiol 169(12):1428–1436. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwp065
doi: 10.1093/aje/kwp065
pubmed: 19363100
Dahlquist G, Bennich SS, Kallen B (1996) Intrauterine growth pattern and risk of childhood onset insulin dependent (type I) diabetes: population based case-control study. BMJ 313(7066):1174–1177. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.313.7066.1174
doi: 10.1136/bmj.313.7066.1174
pubmed: 8916747
pmcid: 2352527
Oken E, Gillman MW (2003) Fetal origins of obesity. Obes Res 11(4):496–506. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2003.69
doi: 10.1038/oby.2003.69
pubmed: 12690076
Hypponen E, Virtanen SM, Kenward MG, Knip M, Akerblom HK, Childhood Diabetes in Finland Study Group (2000) Obesity, increased linear growth, and risk of type 1 diabetes in children. Diabetes Care 23(12):1755–1760. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.23.12.1755
doi: 10.2337/diacare.23.12.1755
pubmed: 11128347
Algert CS, McElduff A, Morris JM, Roberts CL (2009) Perinatal risk factors for early onset of type 1 diabetes in a 2000-2005 birth cohort. Diabet Med 26(12):1193–1197. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-5491.2009.02878.x
doi: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2009.02878.x
pubmed: 20002469
pmcid: 2810440
Khashan AS, Kenny LC, Lundholm C et al (2015) Gestational age and birth weight and the risk of childhood type 1 diabetes: a population-based cohort and sibling design study. Diabetes Care 38(12):2308–2315. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc15-0897
doi: 10.2337/dc15-0897
pubmed: 26519334
Svensson J, Carstensen B, Mortensen HB, Borch-Johnsen K, Danish Study Group of Childhood Diabetes (2005) Early childhood risk factors associated with type 1 diabetes--is gender important? Eur J Epidemiol 20(5):429–434. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-005-0878-1
doi: 10.1007/s10654-005-0878-1
pubmed: 16080591
Robertson L, Harrild K (2010) Maternal and neonatal risk factors for childhood type 1 diabetes: a matched case-control study. BMC Public Health 10:281. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-10-281
doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-10-281
pubmed: 20507546
pmcid: 2885337
Sipetic S, Vlajinac H, Kocev N, Saji S (2004) The Belgrade childhood diabetes study: prenatal and social associations for type 1 diabetes. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 18(1):33–39. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3016.2004.00533.x
doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3016.2004.00533.x
pubmed: 14738545
Kyvik KO, Bache I, Green A, Beck-Nielsen H, Buschard K (2000) No association between birth weight and type 1 diabetes mellitus--a twin-control study. Diabet Med 17(2):158–162. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1464-5491.2000.00249.x
doi: 10.1046/j.1464-5491.2000.00249.x
pubmed: 10746488
Khan N, Couper JJ (1994) Low-birth-weight infants show earlier onset of IDDM. Diabetes Care 17(7):653–656. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.17.7.653
doi: 10.2337/diacare.17.7.653
pubmed: 7924774
Oken E, Kleinman KP, Rich-Edwards J, Gillman MW (2003) A nearly continuous measure of birth weight for gestational age using a United States national reference. BMC Pediatr 3:6. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2431-3-6
doi: 10.1186/1471-2431-3-6
pubmed: 12848901
pmcid: 169185
Wilcox MA, Chang AM, Johnson IR (1996) The effects of parity on birthweight using successive pregnancies. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 75(5):459–463. https://doi.org/10.3109/00016349609033354
doi: 10.3109/00016349609033354
pubmed: 8677771
National Board of Health and Welfare (2002) Report from EpC (Epidemiological centrum) Utvärdering av det svenska medicinska födelseregistret. [Evaluation of the Swedish Medical Birth Register] [article in Swedish] Available from: https://www.socialstyrelsen.se/globalassets/sharepoint-dokument/artikelkatalog/statistik/2002-112-4_20021124.pdf . Accessed 24 March 2016
Marsal K, Persson PH, Larsen T, Lilja H, Selbing A, Sultan B (1996) Intrauterine growth curves based on ultrasonically estimated foetal weights. Acta Paediatr 85(7):843–848. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.1996.tb14164.x
doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1996.tb14164.x
pubmed: 8819552
James PT, Leach R, Kalamara E, Shayeghi M (2001) The worldwide obesity epidemic. Obes Res 9(Suppl 4):228S–233S. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2001.123
doi: 10.1038/oby.2001.123
pubmed: 11707546
Rasmussen KM, Catalano PM, Yaktine AL (2009) New guidelines for weight gain during pregnancy: what obstetrician/gynecologists should know. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 21(6):521–526. https://doi.org/10.1097/GCO.0b013e328332d24e
doi: 10.1097/GCO.0b013e328332d24e
pubmed: 19809317
pmcid: 2847829
Goldacre RR (2018) Associations between birthweight, gestational age at birth and subsequent type 1 diabetes in children under 12: a retrospective cohort study in England, 1998-2012. Diabetologia 61(3):616–625. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-017-4493-y
doi: 10.1007/s00125-017-4493-y
pubmed: 29128935
Waernbaum I, Dahlquist G, Lind T (2019) Perinatal risk factors for type 1 diabetes revisited: a population-based register study. Diabetologia 62(7):1173–1184. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-019-4874-5
doi: 10.1007/s00125-019-4874-5
pubmed: 31041471
pmcid: 6560018
Cardwell CR, Stene LC, Joner G et al (2010) Birthweight and the risk of childhood-onset type 1 diabetes: a meta-analysis of observational studies using individual patient data. Diabetologia 53(4):641–651. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-009-1648-5
doi: 10.1007/s00125-009-1648-5
pubmed: 20063147
Meah FA, DiMeglio LA, Greenbaum CJ et al (2016) The relationship between BMI and insulin resistance and progression from single to multiple autoantibody positivity and type 1 diabetes among TrialNet Pathway to Prevention participants. Diabetologia 59(6):1186–1195. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-016-3924-5
doi: 10.1007/s00125-016-3924-5
pubmed: 26995649
pmcid: 5081287
Lawlor DA (2013) The Society for Social Medicine John Pemberton Lecture 2011. Developmental overnutrition--an old hypothesis with new importance? Int J Epidemiol 42(1):7–29. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dys209
doi: 10.1093/ije/dys209
pubmed: 23508404
Ahlsson F (2008) Being born large for gestational age. Metabolic and epidemiological studies. Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation. Uppsala, Uppsala University, Faculty of medicine. ISBN 978–91–554-7246-7
Dabelea D, Crume T (2011) Maternal environment and the transgenerational cycle of obesity and diabetes. Diabetes 60(7):1849–1855. https://doi.org/10.2337/db11-0400
doi: 10.2337/db11-0400
pubmed: 21709280
pmcid: 3121421
Yu ZB, Han SP, Zhu GZ et al (2011) Birth weight and subsequent risk of obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev 12(7):525–542. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-789X.2011.00867.x
doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2011.00867.x
pubmed: 21438992
Censin JC, Nowak C, Cooper N, Bergsten P, Todd JA, Fall T (2017) Childhood adiposity and risk of type 1 diabetes: a Mendelian randomization study. PLoS Med 14(8):e1002362. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002362
doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002362
pubmed: 28763444
pmcid: 5538636
Hong YH, Chung S (2018) Small for gestational age and obesity related comorbidities. Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 23(1):4–8. https://doi.org/10.6065/apem.2018.23.1.4
doi: 10.6065/apem.2018.23.1.4
pubmed: 29609443
pmcid: 5894558
Oge A, Isganaitis E, Jimenez-Chillaron J et al (2007) In utero undernutrition reduces diabetes incidence in non-obese diabetic mice. Diabetologia 50(5):1099–1108. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-007-0617-0
doi: 10.1007/s00125-007-0617-0
pubmed: 17370059
Hidayat K, Zou SY, Shi BM (2019) The influence of maternal body mass index, maternal diabetes mellitus, and maternal smoking during pregnancy on the risk of childhood-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus in the offspring: systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Obes Rev 20(8):1106–1120. https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.12858
doi: 10.1111/obr.12858
pubmed: 31090253