Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 infection among Japanese immigrants and their descendants living in Southeast Brazil: A call for preventive and control responses.
Adult
Asymptomatic Diseases
Brazil
/ epidemiology
Cross-Sectional Studies
Emigrants and Immigrants
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Female
HTLV-I Infections
/ epidemiology
Human T-lymphotropic virus 1
/ classification
Humans
Japan
Leukemia, T-Cell
/ epidemiology
Male
Middle Aged
Molecular Epidemiology
Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic
/ virology
Pedigree
Phylogeny
Prevalence
Proviruses
Risk Factors
Journal
PLoS neglected tropical diseases
ISSN: 1935-2735
Titre abrégé: PLoS Negl Trop Dis
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101291488
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
02 2021
02 2021
Historique:
received:
10
12
2019
accepted:
09
12
2020
entrez:
5
2
2021
pubmed:
6
2
2021
medline:
23
6
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) has worldwide distribution and is considered endemic in southwestern Japan. HTLV-1 infection has been associated with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) besides other diseases. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the prevalence, risk factors and molecular characterization of HTLV-1, among the world's largest population of Japanese immigrants and their descendants outside of Japan, in São Paulo, Southeast Brazil, as well as to analyze the phylogenetic relationship among isolates of HTLV-1. From July to December 2017, 2,139 individuals from five Japanese associations were interviewed and submitted to blood collection. All serum samples were first tested for the presence of anti-HTLV-1/2 antibodies by ELISA and then peripheral blood from individuals with positive serological results were analyzed for the presence of HTLV-1 5'LTR proviral DNA. Partial sequencing of the 5'LTR region of HTLV-1 proviral DNA was performed by Sanger. The prevalence of HTLV-1 infection was 5.1% (CI 95%: 4.2-6.0). In the multiple logistic regression model, HTLV-1 infection was associated with age ≥ 45 years, female sex, being first and second-generation Japanese immigrants, and having sexual partners with history of blood transfusion. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that all HTLV-1 were classified as Cosmopolitan (1a) subtype. Of them, 47.8% were classified as Transcontinental (A) subgroup and 52.2% as belonging to the Japanese (B) subgroup. Although most HTLV-1-infected patients were asymptomatic (97.3%), blurred vision was associated with HTLV-1 infection. The high prevalence of HTLV-1 infection found in this studied population and especially the intra- and interfamily HTLV-1 transmission presents an urgent call for preventive and control responses of this infection in Brazil.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33544713
doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009066
pii: PNTD-D-19-01982
pmc: PMC7864455
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e0009066Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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