Causes of neonatal calf diarrhea and mortality in pasture-based dairy herds in Uruguay: a farm-matched case-control study.
Animals
Animals, Newborn
Astroviridae
/ isolation & purification
Case-Control Studies
Cattle
Cattle Diseases
/ etiology
Cryptosporidium
/ isolation & purification
Dairying
/ methods
Diarrhea
/ etiology
Diarrhea Viruses, Bovine Viral
/ isolation & purification
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
/ veterinary
Escherichia coli
/ isolation & purification
Feces
/ microbiology
Female
Immunization, Passive
/ veterinary
Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
/ veterinary
Rotavirus
/ isolation & purification
Salmonella enterica
/ isolation & purification
Surveys and Questionnaires
Syndrome
Uruguay
/ epidemiology
Cryptosporidium spp.
Dairy calves
Diarrhea
Failure of transfer of passive immunity
Infectious diseases
Mortality
Rotavirus
Salmonella enterica
Journal
Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology]
ISSN: 1678-4405
Titre abrégé: Braz J Microbiol
Pays: Brazil
ID NLM: 101095924
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Jun 2021
Jun 2021
Historique:
received:
10
07
2020
accepted:
02
02
2021
pubmed:
13
2
2021
medline:
15
5
2021
entrez:
12
2
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Neonatal calf diarrhea (NCD) and mortality cause significant losses to the dairy industry. The preweaning dairy calf mortality risk in Uruguay is high (15.2%); however, causes for these losses are largely unknown. This study aimed to assess whether various pathogens were associated with NCD and death in Uruguayan dairy calves and whether these infections, diarrhea, or deaths were associated with the failure of transfer of passive immunity (FTPI). Contemporary diarrheic (n = 264,) and non-diarrheic (n = 271) 1- to 30-day-old calves from 27 farms were sampled. Feces were analyzed by antigen-capture ELISA for Cryptosporidium spp., rotavirus, bovine coronavirus, and Escherichia coli F5+, RT-PCR for bovine astrovirus (BoAstV), and bacterial cultures for Salmonella enterica. Blood/serum was analyzed by RT-PCR or antigen-capture ELISA for bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV). Serum of ≤ 8-day-old calves (n = 95) was assessed by refractometry to determine the concention of serum total proteins (STP) as an indicator of FTPI. Whether the sampled calves died before weaning was recorded. At least one pathogen was detected in 65.4% of the calves, and this percentage was significantly higher in diarrheic (83.7%) versus non-diarrheic (47.6%) calves. Unlike the other pathogens, Cryptosporidium spp. and rotavirus were associated with NCD. Diarrheic calves, calves infected with any of the pathogens, and calves infected with rotavirus had significantly lower concentrations of STP. Diarrheic calves had higher chances of dying before weaning than non-diarrheic calves. Diarrheic calves infected with S. enterica were at increased risk of mortality. Controlling NCD, salmonellosis, cryptosporidiosis, and rotavirus infections, and improving colostrum management practices would help to reduce calf morbi-mortality in dairy farms in Uruguay.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33575990
doi: 10.1007/s42770-021-00440-3
pii: 10.1007/s42770-021-00440-3
pmc: PMC7877513
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
977-988Subventions
Organisme : Agencia Nacional de Investigación e Innovación
ID : FMV_1_2014_1_104922
Organisme : Instituto Nacional de Investigacion Agropecuaria, Uruguay
ID : N-15156_PL_15_0_00
Organisme : Instituto Nacional de Investigacion Agropecuaria, Uruguay
ID : PL_27 N-23398
Organisme : Comisión Sectorial de Investigación Científica
ID : INI_2017_158
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