Endothelial inflammatory and thrombogenic expression changes in microvascular anastomoses - An immunohistochemical analysis.
Endothelium
Free flap
Microvascular anastomosis
Journal
Journal of cranio-maxillo-facial surgery : official publication of the European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery
ISSN: 1878-4119
Titre abrégé: J Craniomaxillofac Surg
Pays: Scotland
ID NLM: 8704309
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
May 2021
May 2021
Historique:
received:
13
10
2020
revised:
28
12
2020
accepted:
07
02
2021
pubmed:
21
2
2021
medline:
5
5
2021
entrez:
20
2
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The aim of this study was to investigate intraluminal vessel diameters and endothelial expression levels of pro-inflammatory and -thrombotic mediators in patent and non-patent microvascular anastomoses. Endothelial expression of CD31, VCAM-1, E- and P-Selectin, eNOS, iNOS and PAI-1 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and compared to non-anastomosed arteries as controls. Intraluminal diameters were determined via H.E.-staining. In 20 human anastomoses (8 patent, 12 non-patent) neither the analysis of endoluminal de-endothelialization (p = 0.966) nor luminal narrowing (p = 0.750) revealed any significant differences between patent and non-patent microanastomoses. Expressions of pro-inflammatory mediators were significantly higher in patent anastomoses compared to controls but did not show any difference compared to non-patent anastomoses (p > 0.050). iNOS was higher in non-patent compared to patent anastomoses (p = 0.030) and controls (p = 0.001), whereas eNOS did not reveal any differences between these groups (p = 0.611 and p = 0.130). In non-patent anastomoses PAI-1 was expressed higher compared to patent anastomoses and controls (p = 0.021 and p < 0.001). Irrespective of their patency, anastomoses are characterized by endothelial dysfunction with a pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic milieu. Avoiding endothelial trauma during suturing is essential in order not to aggravate existing endothelial dysfunction in microanastomoses. Additionally, the influence of medication-related changes on anastomoses should be investigated as this is still an indistinctive topic.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33608202
pii: S1010-5182(21)00052-4
doi: 10.1016/j.jcms.2021.02.006
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
422-429Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2021 European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Declaration of competing interest The authors of this manuscript have no conflict of interest to disclose. This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.