The relationship between sleep and opioids in chronic pain patients.
Buprenorphine
Chronic pain
Methadone
Opioid addiction
Sleep
Journal
Journal of behavioral medicine
ISSN: 1573-3521
Titre abrégé: J Behav Med
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 7807105
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
06 2021
06 2021
Historique:
received:
18
10
2019
accepted:
03
02
2021
pubmed:
21
2
2021
medline:
3
7
2021
entrez:
20
2
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Sleep problems are common among chronic pain patients who take opioids. There are documented effects of opioids on sleep architecture; however, the long-term effects of opioids on sleep remain unknown. This study examined whether opioid-naïve participants have better sleep quality than current and previous chronic users of opioids. We also explored whether sleep differed between methadone and buprenorphine users, and whether amount of time since abstaining from opioids was associated with sleep quality. Participants were 120 people with chronic pain (84.2% Caucasian, M A MANCOVA revealed that all three groups with current or previous opioid use (i.e., groups 1-3) differed significantly from the opioid-naïve group (group 4) on sleep quality, sleep duration, sleep disturbances, and daytime dysfunction after controlling for sleep medications (all p < .05). For group 1 (methadone users), 2 (buprenorphine users), and 3 (prolonged abstinence), there were no statistically significant differences between each group. There was also a significant relationship between opioid-abstinent weeks and sleep disturbances in the opioid-abstinent group (r = - 0.604, p < .001). The results of this study suggest that opioids interfere with sleep quality, even after months of abstention. Further research into the long-term effects of opioids is warranted and may contribute further to the importance of addressing sleep problems in this population.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Sleep problems are common among chronic pain patients who take opioids. There are documented effects of opioids on sleep architecture; however, the long-term effects of opioids on sleep remain unknown. This study examined whether opioid-naïve participants have better sleep quality than current and previous chronic users of opioids. We also explored whether sleep differed between methadone and buprenorphine users, and whether amount of time since abstaining from opioids was associated with sleep quality.
METHOD
Participants were 120 people with chronic pain (84.2% Caucasian, M
RESULTS
A MANCOVA revealed that all three groups with current or previous opioid use (i.e., groups 1-3) differed significantly from the opioid-naïve group (group 4) on sleep quality, sleep duration, sleep disturbances, and daytime dysfunction after controlling for sleep medications (all p < .05). For group 1 (methadone users), 2 (buprenorphine users), and 3 (prolonged abstinence), there were no statistically significant differences between each group. There was also a significant relationship between opioid-abstinent weeks and sleep disturbances in the opioid-abstinent group (r = - 0.604, p < .001).
DISCUSSION
The results of this study suggest that opioids interfere with sleep quality, even after months of abstention. Further research into the long-term effects of opioids is warranted and may contribute further to the importance of addressing sleep problems in this population.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33609232
doi: 10.1007/s10865-021-00205-1
pii: 10.1007/s10865-021-00205-1
pmc: PMC8131240
mid: NIHMS1696344
doi:
Substances chimiques
Analgesics, Opioid
0
Buprenorphine
40D3SCR4GZ
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
412-420Subventions
Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
ID : K23 DA030397
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
ID : R34 DA041549
Pays : United States
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