Impact of Systemic Corticosteroids on Mortality in Older Adults With Critical COVID-19 Pneumonia.


Journal

The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences
ISSN: 1758-535X
Titre abrégé: J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 9502837

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
13 07 2021
Historique:
received: 04 01 2021
pubmed: 13 3 2021
medline: 30 7 2021
entrez: 12 3 2021
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

The most susceptible population group to critical and fatal coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is older adults. In severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, the host immune response is thought to play a key role in the pathophysiological effects of lung damage. Therefore, corticosteroid therapy could modulate inflammation-mediated pulmonary injury and thereby reduce progression to severe respiratory failure and death. The aim of this study was to analyze the safety and clinical efficacy of corticosteroid therapy in older adults with severe COVID-19 pneumonia. We reviewed the clinical records of confirmed COVID-19 patients aged 75 years or older admitted to our hospital over a 3-month period (March 1-May 31, 2020). A total of 143 patients were included in the study cohort. From 2 April, 2020, in accordance with World Health Organization guidance on COVID-19, our hospital protocol added corticosteroid for COVID-19 treatment. We compared in-hospital mortality among patients with critical COVID-19 who received corticosteroids therapy and those who did not. In total, 88 patients (61.5%) were treated with corticosteroids, and 55 patients (38.4%) were not. Both groups were similar in baseline characteristics. The median age was 85 years (interquartile range: 82-89), and 61.5% (88/143) were male. In-hospital mortality was lower in the corticosteroid group (68.2%) compared with patients in the noncorticosteroid group (81.8%). Treatment with corticosteroids was an independent survival factor (hazard ratio: 0.61; 95% CI: 0.41-0.93; p = .006). In critically ill older adults with COVID-19 pneumonia, the use of corticosteroid treatment resulted in lower mortality without severe adverse events.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND
The most susceptible population group to critical and fatal coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is older adults. In severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, the host immune response is thought to play a key role in the pathophysiological effects of lung damage. Therefore, corticosteroid therapy could modulate inflammation-mediated pulmonary injury and thereby reduce progression to severe respiratory failure and death. The aim of this study was to analyze the safety and clinical efficacy of corticosteroid therapy in older adults with severe COVID-19 pneumonia.
METHOD
We reviewed the clinical records of confirmed COVID-19 patients aged 75 years or older admitted to our hospital over a 3-month period (March 1-May 31, 2020). A total of 143 patients were included in the study cohort. From 2 April, 2020, in accordance with World Health Organization guidance on COVID-19, our hospital protocol added corticosteroid for COVID-19 treatment. We compared in-hospital mortality among patients with critical COVID-19 who received corticosteroids therapy and those who did not.
RESULTS
In total, 88 patients (61.5%) were treated with corticosteroids, and 55 patients (38.4%) were not. Both groups were similar in baseline characteristics. The median age was 85 years (interquartile range: 82-89), and 61.5% (88/143) were male. In-hospital mortality was lower in the corticosteroid group (68.2%) compared with patients in the noncorticosteroid group (81.8%). Treatment with corticosteroids was an independent survival factor (hazard ratio: 0.61; 95% CI: 0.41-0.93; p = .006).
CONCLUSIONS
In critically ill older adults with COVID-19 pneumonia, the use of corticosteroid treatment resulted in lower mortality without severe adverse events.

Identifiants

pubmed: 33711156
pii: 6169229
doi: 10.1093/gerona/glab074
pmc: PMC7989632
doi:

Substances chimiques

Adrenal Cortex Hormones 0

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

e127-e132

Informations de copyright

© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Auteurs

Esther Piniella-Ruiz (E)

Department of Internal Medicine, Infanta Leonor-Virgen de la Torre University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.

María Teresa Bellver-Álvarez (MT)

Department of Internal Medicine, Infanta Leonor-Virgen de la Torre University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.

Beatriz Mestre-Gómez (B)

Department of Internal Medicine, Infanta Leonor-Virgen de la Torre University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.

Belén Escolano-Fernández (B)

Department of Internal Medicine, Infanta Leonor-Virgen de la Torre University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.

Sara Vinat-Prado (S)

Emergency Department, Infanta Leonor University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.

Rita Cabezas-Olea (R)

Department of Internal Medicine, Infanta Leonor-Virgen de la Torre University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.

María Soledad Acedo-Gutiérrez (MS)

Department of Internal Medicine, Infanta Leonor-Virgen de la Torre University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.

Mirian Akasbi-Montalvo (M)

Department of Internal Medicine, Infanta Leonor-Virgen de la Torre University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.

Pablo Ryan-Murua (P)

Department of Internal Medicine, Infanta Leonor-Virgen de la Torre University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.

Ana Bustamante-Fermosel (A)

Department of Internal Medicine, Infanta Leonor-Virgen de la Torre University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.

Nuria Muñoz-Rivas (N)

Department of Internal Medicine, Infanta Leonor-Virgen de la Torre University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.

Carmen Santamaría-García (C)

Faculty of Medicine of the Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.

Virginia Pardo-Guimerá (V)

Department of Internal Medicine, Infanta Leonor-Virgen de la Torre University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.

Mariano Ulla-Anés (M)

Department of Internal Medicine, Infanta Leonor-Virgen de la Torre University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.

Anabel Franco-Moreno (A)

Department of Internal Medicine, Infanta Leonor-Virgen de la Torre University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.

Juan Torres-Macho (J)

Department of Internal Medicine, Infanta Leonor-Virgen de la Torre University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.

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