Epigenetic Regulation of Intestinal Stem Cells and Disease: A Balancing Act of DNA and Histone Methylation.
Chromatin
/ genetics
DNA Methylation
/ genetics
Epigenesis, Genetic
/ genetics
Gastrointestinal Neoplasms
/ genetics
Histones
/ genetics
Humans
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
/ genetics
Lysine
/ genetics
Polycomb Repressive Complex 2
/ genetics
Protein Processing, Post-Translational
Stem Cells
/ physiology
Colorectal Cancer
DNA Methylation
Epigenetic Regulation
H3K27me3
Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Intestinal Stem Cells
PRC2
Journal
Gastroenterology
ISSN: 1528-0012
Titre abrégé: Gastroenterology
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0374630
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
06 2021
06 2021
Historique:
received:
01
12
2020
revised:
10
03
2021
accepted:
23
03
2021
pubmed:
30
3
2021
medline:
12
1
2022
entrez:
29
3
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Genetic mutations or regulatory failures underlie cellular malfunction in many diseases, including colorectal cancer and inflammatory bowel diseases. However, mutational defects alone fail to explain the complexity of such disorders. Epigenetic regulation-control of gene action through chemical and structural changes of chromatin-provides a platform to integrate multiple extracellular inputs and prepares the cellular genome for appropriate gene expression responses. Coregulation by polycomb repressive complex 2-mediated trimethylation of lysine 27 on histone 3 and DNA methylation has emerged as one of the most influential epigenetic controls in colorectal cancer and many other diseases, but molecular details remain inadequate. Here we review the molecular interplay of these epigenetic features in relation to gastrointestinal development, homeostasis, and disease biology. We discuss other epigenetic mechanisms pertinent to the balance of trimethylation of lysine 27 on histone 3 and DNA methylation and their actions in gastrointestinal cancers. We also review the current molecular understanding of chromatin control in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33775639
pii: S0016-5085(21)00546-1
doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2021.03.036
pmc: PMC8169626
mid: NIHMS1699637
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Chromatin
0
Histones
0
Polycomb Repressive Complex 2
EC 2.1.1.43
Lysine
K3Z4F929H6
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
2267-2282Subventions
Organisme : NIDDK NIH HHS
ID : K01 DK113067
Pays : United States
Organisme : NCI NIH HHS
ID : R01 CA184792
Pays : United States
Organisme : NCI NIH HHS
ID : U01 CA187956
Pays : United States
Organisme : NCI NIH HHS
ID : R01 CA072851
Pays : United States
Organisme : NCI NIH HHS
ID : R01 CA227602
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2021 AGA Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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