A qualitative and quantitative account of patient's experiences of ketamine and its antidepressant properties.
Adult
Antidepressive Agents
/ administration & dosage
Cross-Over Studies
Depressive Disorder, Major
/ drug therapy
Double-Blind Method
Female
Humans
Ketamine
/ administration & dosage
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Male
Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
Remifentanil
/ administration & dosage
Surveys and Questionnaires
Treatment Outcome
Young Adult
Ketamine
depression
psychedelic
qualitative research
thematic analysis
Journal
Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England)
ISSN: 1461-7285
Titre abrégé: J Psychopharmacol
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 8907828
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Aug 2021
Aug 2021
Historique:
pubmed:
31
3
2021
medline:
3
2
2022
entrez:
30
3
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Ketamine is central to one of the most rapidly growing areas of neuroscientific research into novel treatments for depression. Limited research has indicated that the psychedelic properties of ketamine may play a role in its antidepressant effects. The aim of the current study was to explore the psychedelic experiences and sustained impact of ketamine in major depressive disorder. In the current study, ketamine (0.44 mg/kg) was administered to 32 volunteers with major depressive disorder in a crossover design with the active-placebo remifentanil, in a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) environment. The 11-dimension altered states of consciousness questionnaire and individual qualitative interviews were used to capture the acute psychedelic experience. The Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale and further interviewing explored lasting effects. The second qualitative interview took place ⩾3 weeks post-ketamine. Greater antidepressant response (reduction in Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale at 24 h) correlated with the 11-dimension altered states of consciousness dimensions: spirituality, experience of unity, and insight. The first qualitative interview revealed that all participants experienced perceptual changes. Additional themes emerged including loss of control and emotional and mood changes. The final interview showed evidence of a psychedelic afterglow, and changes to perspective on life, people, and problems, as well as changes to how participants felt about their depression and treatments. The current study provides preliminary evidence for a role of the psychedelic experience and afterglow in ketamine's antidepressant properties. Reflexive thematic analysis provided a wealth of information on participants' experience of the study and demonstrated the psychedelic properties of ketamine are not fully captured by commonly used questionnaires.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Ketamine is central to one of the most rapidly growing areas of neuroscientific research into novel treatments for depression. Limited research has indicated that the psychedelic properties of ketamine may play a role in its antidepressant effects.
AIM
OBJECTIVE
The aim of the current study was to explore the psychedelic experiences and sustained impact of ketamine in major depressive disorder.
METHODS
METHODS
In the current study, ketamine (0.44 mg/kg) was administered to 32 volunteers with major depressive disorder in a crossover design with the active-placebo remifentanil, in a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) environment. The 11-dimension altered states of consciousness questionnaire and individual qualitative interviews were used to capture the acute psychedelic experience. The Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale and further interviewing explored lasting effects. The second qualitative interview took place ⩾3 weeks post-ketamine.
RESULTS
RESULTS
Greater antidepressant response (reduction in Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale at 24 h) correlated with the 11-dimension altered states of consciousness dimensions: spirituality, experience of unity, and insight. The first qualitative interview revealed that all participants experienced perceptual changes. Additional themes emerged including loss of control and emotional and mood changes. The final interview showed evidence of a psychedelic afterglow, and changes to perspective on life, people, and problems, as well as changes to how participants felt about their depression and treatments.
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
The current study provides preliminary evidence for a role of the psychedelic experience and afterglow in ketamine's antidepressant properties. Reflexive thematic analysis provided a wealth of information on participants' experience of the study and demonstrated the psychedelic properties of ketamine are not fully captured by commonly used questionnaires.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33781107
doi: 10.1177/0269881121998321
doi:
Substances chimiques
Antidepressive Agents
0
Ketamine
690G0D6V8H
Remifentanil
P10582JYYK
Types de publication
Comparative Study
Journal Article
Randomized Controlled Trial
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM