Granulomatous interstitial polymyositis and intramuscular neuritis in a dog.
Auto-immune
Canine
Idiopathic
Immune-mediated
Myositis
Sarcoidosis
Journal
Acta veterinaria Scandinavica
ISSN: 1751-0147
Titre abrégé: Acta Vet Scand
Pays: England
ID NLM: 0370400
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
30 Mar 2021
30 Mar 2021
Historique:
received:
05
01
2021
accepted:
12
03
2021
entrez:
30
3
2021
pubmed:
31
3
2021
medline:
31
8
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Granulomatous myositis is a rare condition in both humans and dogs. In humans it is most frequently related to sarcoidosis, where a concurrent granulomatous neuritis has been reported occasionally. Simultaneous granulomatous myositis and neuritis have been diagnosed previously in dogs (unpublished observations), but have not been studied further. Additional investigations are therefore warranted to characterize this disorder. Here we present a detailed description of concurrent idiopathic granulomatous myositis and granulomatous neuritis in a dog with suspected immune-mediated aetiology. The dog presented with dysphonia and paresis in the pelvic limbs and tail. In addition to muscle biopsies being taken for histopathology, magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography and electrodiagnostics were performed. Muscle biopsies displayed granuloma formation with giant cells and epithelioid macrophages in muscle fibres and nerve branches. Microorganisms were not detected. Long-term treatment with glucocorticoids was clinically successful. Two years after the clinical signs started, the dog presented with signs of sepsis and died. Histopathologically, no granulomatous inflammation could be demonstrated in either muscles or nerves at that time. This case illustrates a granulomatous interstitial polymyositis and intramuscular neuritis that improved clinically and resolved histologically with glucocorticoid treatment. Idiopathic granulomatous myositis and neuritis should be considered as a differential diagnosis in dogs with clinical signs of neuromuscular disorders.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Granulomatous myositis is a rare condition in both humans and dogs. In humans it is most frequently related to sarcoidosis, where a concurrent granulomatous neuritis has been reported occasionally. Simultaneous granulomatous myositis and neuritis have been diagnosed previously in dogs (unpublished observations), but have not been studied further. Additional investigations are therefore warranted to characterize this disorder. Here we present a detailed description of concurrent idiopathic granulomatous myositis and granulomatous neuritis in a dog with suspected immune-mediated aetiology.
CASE PRESENTATION
METHODS
The dog presented with dysphonia and paresis in the pelvic limbs and tail. In addition to muscle biopsies being taken for histopathology, magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography and electrodiagnostics were performed. Muscle biopsies displayed granuloma formation with giant cells and epithelioid macrophages in muscle fibres and nerve branches. Microorganisms were not detected. Long-term treatment with glucocorticoids was clinically successful. Two years after the clinical signs started, the dog presented with signs of sepsis and died. Histopathologically, no granulomatous inflammation could be demonstrated in either muscles or nerves at that time.
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
This case illustrates a granulomatous interstitial polymyositis and intramuscular neuritis that improved clinically and resolved histologically with glucocorticoid treatment. Idiopathic granulomatous myositis and neuritis should be considered as a differential diagnosis in dogs with clinical signs of neuromuscular disorders.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33781325
doi: 10.1186/s13028-021-00579-x
pii: 10.1186/s13028-021-00579-x
pmc: PMC8008538
doi:
Types de publication
Case Reports
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
14Références
Williams GT, Williams WJ. Granulomatous inflammation-a review. J Clin Pathol. 1983;36:723.
doi: 10.1136/jcp.36.7.723
Prayson RA. Granulomatous myositis: clinicopathologic study of 12 cases. Am J Clin Pathol. 1999;112:63–8.
doi: 10.1093/ajcp/112.1.63
Chapelon C, Ziza J, Piette J, Levy Y, Raguin G, Wechsler B, et al. Neurosarcoidosis: signs, course and treatment in 35 confirmed cases. Medicine. 1990;69:261–76.
doi: 10.1097/00005792-199009000-00001
Evans J, Levesque D, Shelton GD. Canine inflammatory myopathies: a clinicopathologic review of 200 cases. J Vet Intern Med. 2004;18:679–91.
doi: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2004.tb02606.x
Lee AF, Bowen JM. Evaluation of motor nerve conduction velocity in the dog. Am J Vet Res. 1970;31:1361–6.
pubmed: 5449896
Dubey JP, Carpenter JL, Speer CA, Topper MJ, Uggla A. Newly recognized fatal protozoan disease of dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1988;192:1269–85.
pubmed: 3391851
Barr SC, Schmidt SP, Brown CC, Klei TR. Pathologic features of dogs inoculated with North American Trypanosoma cruzi isolates. Am J Vet Res. 1991;52:2033–9.
pubmed: 1789518
Chapman J, Mense M, Dubey JP. Clinical muscular sarcocystosis in a dog. J Parasitol. 2005;91:187–90.
doi: 10.1645/GE-406R
Vamvakidis CD, Koutinas AF, Kanakoudis G, Georgiadis G, Saridomichelakis M. Masticatory and skeletal muscle myositis in canine leishmaniasis (Leishmania infantum). Vet Rec. 2000;146:698–703.
doi: 10.1136/vr.146.24.698
Aronsohn MG, Schunk KL, Carpenter JL, King NW. Clinical and pathologic features of thymoma in 15 dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1984;184:1355–62.
pubmed: 6735856
Bennett SL, Slocombe RF, Holloway SA, Charles JA, Sandy JR. Lymphoma(s) showing epitheliotropism and diffuse skeletal muscle involvement presenting as a polymyopathy in a young dog. Aust Vet J. 2005;83:612–5.
doi: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.2005.tb13272.x
Dubey JP. A review of Neospora caninum and Neospora-like infections in animals. J Protozool Res. 1992;2:40–52.
Bjerkås I, Dubey JP. Evidence that Neospora caninum is identical to the Toxoplasma-like parasite of Norwegian dogs. Acta Vet Scand. 1991;32:407–10.
doi: 10.1186/BF03546972
Borgen PH, Berg OA. Toxoplasma dye test in dogs in Norway. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand. 1957;41:353–7.
doi: 10.1111/j.1699-0463.1957.tb01033.x
Gardner-Thorpe C. Muscle weakness due to sarcoid myopathy. Six case reports and an evaluation of steroid therapy. Neurology. 1972;22:917–28.
doi: 10.1212/WNL.22.9.917
Zisman DA, Shorr AF, Lynch JP 3rd. Sarcoidosis involving the musculoskeletal system. Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2002;23:555–70.
doi: 10.1055/s-2002-36520
Wells CE. The natural history of neurosarcoidosis. Proc R Soc Med. 1967;60:1172–4.
pubmed: 6060720
pmcid: 1902114
Nishino H, Rubino FA, DeRemee RA, Swanson JW, Parisi JE. Neurological involvement in Wegener’s granulomatosis: an analysis of 324 consecutive patients at the Mayo Clinic. Ann Neurol. 1993;33:4–9.
doi: 10.1002/ana.410330103
Selroos O. Treatment of sarcoidosis. Sarcoidosis. 1994;11:80–3.
pubmed: 8036353
Silverstein A, Siltzbach LE. Muscle involvement in sarcoidosis. Asymptomatic, myositis, and myopathy. Arch Neurol. 1969;21:235–41.
doi: 10.1001/archneur.1969.00480150025002
Allen RKA, Sellars RE, Sandstrom PA. A prospective study of 32 patients with neurosarcoidosis. Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis. 2003;20:118–25.
pubmed: 12870721
Stern BJ, Krumholz A, Johns C, Scott P, Nissim J. Sarcoidosis and its neurological manifestations. Arch Neurol. 1985;42:909–17.
doi: 10.1001/archneur.1985.04060080095022
Braund KG, Dillon AR, Mikeal RL, August JR. Subclinical myopathy associated with hyperadrenocorticism in the dog. Vet Pathol. 1980;17:134–48.
doi: 10.1177/030098588001700203
Ihrke PJ, Norton AL, Ling GV, Stannard AA. Urinary tract infection associated with long-term corticosteroid administration in dogs with chronic skin diseases. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1985;186:43–6.
pubmed: 3965423
Fazzi P, Fallahi P, Ferrari SM. Sarcoidosis and thyroid autoimmunity Front Endocrinol. 2017;8:177.