The impact of COVID-19 on the lives and mental health of Australian adolescents.
Adolescent health
Anxiety
COVID-19
Depression
Pandemic
Psychological distress
Journal
European child & adolescent psychiatry
ISSN: 1435-165X
Titre abrégé: Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 9212296
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Sep 2022
Sep 2022
Historique:
received:
30
03
2021
accepted:
15
04
2021
pubmed:
30
4
2021
medline:
27
8
2022
entrez:
29
4
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
There has been significant disruption to the lives and mental health of adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study was to assess the psychological and lifestyle impact of the pandemic on Australian adolescents, using an online survey, administered during the outbreak. Self-report surveys were administered online to a sample of 760 Australian adolescents aged 12-18 years assessing impact on a range of domains including behaviour, education, relationships, lifestyle factors (exercise, technology use, and sleep), and mental health outcomes (psychological distress, loneliness, health anxiety and well-being). Results showed that three quarters of the sample experienced a worsening in mental health, since the pandemic began, with negative impacts reported on learning, friendships and family relationships. There were also high higher levels of sleep disturbance, psychological distress and health anxiety, relative to normative samples. Effects on mental health were worse among those who reported a previous diagnosis of depression and/or anxiety relative to those without no such history. Adolescents are already vulnerable to the onset of mental illness at this developmental stage, and the current research underscores the need to find rapid and accessible ways to support adolescent mental health during times of crisis.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33913036
doi: 10.1007/s00787-021-01790-x
pii: 10.1007/s00787-021-01790-x
pmc: PMC8080862
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1465-1477Subventions
Organisme : NSW Ministry of Health
ID : Fellowship
Organisme : Medical Research Future Fund
ID : Career Development Fellowship
Informations de copyright
© 2021. The Author(s).
Références
World Health Organization (2020) WHO Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) dashboard. World Health Organization. https://covid19.who.int/ . Published 2020. Accessed 03 Aug 2020
Wang C et al (2020) A longitudinal study on the mental health of general population during the COVID-19 epidemic in China. Brain Behav Immun 87:40–48
doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.028
Pierce M et al (2020) Mental health before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal probability sample survey of the UK population. Lancet Psychiatry. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30308-4
doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30308-4
pubmed: 32707037
pmcid: 7373389
Rodriguez-Rey R, Garrido-Hernansaiz H, Collado S (2020) Psychological impact of COVID-19 in Spain: early data report. Psychol Trauma Theory Res Pract Policy. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0000943
doi: 10.1037/tra0000943
Van Rheenen TE et al (2020) Mental health status of individuals with a mood-disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia: initial results from the COLLATE project. J Affect Disord 275:69–77
doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.06.037
Newby JM et al (2020) Acute mental health responses during the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia. PLoS One 15(7):e0236562
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236562
Rossell SL et al (2021) An overview of current mental health in the general population of Australia during the COVID-19 pandemic: results from the COLLATE project. Psychiatry Res 296:113660
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113660
Racine N et al (2020) Child and adolescent mental illness during COVID-19: a rapid review. Psychiatry Res 292:113307–113307
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113307
Orben A, Tomova L, Blakemore S-J (2020) The effects of social deprivation on adolescent development and mental health. Lancet Child Adolesc Health 4(8):634–640
doi: 10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30186-3
Parker JG et al (1999) Dimensions of children's friendship adjustment: implications for understanding loneliness. In: Rotenberg KJ, Hymel S (eds) Loneliness in childhood and adolescence. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 201–222
doi: 10.1017/CBO9780511551888.010
Sebastian CL et al (2011) Developmental influences on the neural bases of responses to social rejection: implications of social neuroscience for education. Neuroimage 57(3):686–694
doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.09.063
Loades ME et al (2020) Rapid systematic review: the impact of social isolation and loneliness on the mental health of children and adolescents in the context of COVID-19. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2020.05.009
doi: 10.1016/j.jaac.2020.05.009
pubmed: 32890670
pmcid: 7467008
Racine N, Korczak DJ, Madigan S (2020) Evidence suggests children are being left behind in COVID-19 mental health research. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-020-01672-8
doi: 10.1007/s00787-020-01672-8
pubmed: 33151431
pmcid: 7643721
Zhou S-J et al (2020) Prevalence and socio-demographic correlates of psychological health problems in Chinese adolescents during the outbreak of COVID-19. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-020-01541-4
doi: 10.1007/s00787-020-01541-4
pubmed: 32363492
pmcid: 7196181
Duan L et al (2020) An investigation of mental health status of children and adolescents in china during the outbreak of COVID-19. J Affect Disord 275:112–118
doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.06.029
Chen F et al (2020) Depression and anxiety among adolescents during COVID-19: a cross-sectional study. Brain Behav Immun. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.05.061
doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.05.061
pubmed: 33221488
pmcid: 7897256
Oosterhoff B et al (2020) Adolescents’ motivations to engage in social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic: associations with mental and social health. J Adolesc Health. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.05.004
doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.05.004
pubmed: 32487491
pmcid: 7205689
Cost KT et al (2021) Mostly worse, occasionally better: impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of Canadian children and adolescents. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-021-01744-3
doi: 10.1007/s00787-021-01744-3
pubmed: 33638005
pmcid: 7909377
Ravens-Sieberer U et al (2021) Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on quality of life and mental health in children and adolescents in Germany. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-021-01726-5
doi: 10.1007/s00787-021-01726-5
pubmed: 34636964
pmcid: 8506100
Clayton R (2020) Statistics show increase in children presenting to hospitals after self-harming. ABC News 2020. https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-08-08/young-people-self-harming-end-up-in-hospital-emergency-rooms/12532040 Accessed 20 Aug 2020
Young E (2020) Coronavirus worries have Australian children calling Kids Helpline every 69 seconds. SBS News 2020. https://www.sbs.com.au/news/coronavirus-worries-have-australian-children-calling-kids-helpline-every-69-seconds Accessed 01 Aug 2020
YoungMinds (2020) Coronavirus: impact on young people with mental health needs. UK 2020. https://youngminds.org.uk/media/3904/coronavirus-report-summer-2020-final.pdf Accessed 01 Aug 2020
Wade M, Prime H, Browne DT (2020) Why we need longitudinal mental health research with children and youth during (and after) the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychiatry Res 290:113143
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113143
Holmes EA et al (2020) Multidisciplinary research priorities for the COVID-19 pandemic: a call for action for mental health science. Lancet Psychiatry 7(6):547–560
doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30168-1
Pierce M et al (2020) Says who? The significance of sampling in mental health surveys during COVID-19. Lancet Psychiatry 7(7):567–568
doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30237-6
Spriggs M (2010) Understanding consent in research involving children: a handbook for Human Research Ethics Committees and researchers. University of Melbourne, Melbourne
Idler EL, Benyamini Y (1997) Self-rated health and mortality: a review of twenty-seven community studies. J Health Soc Behav 38(1):21–37
doi: 10.2307/2955359
Faasse K, Newby J (2020) Public perceptions of COVID-19 in Australia: perceived risk, knowledge, health-protective behaviors, and vaccine intentions. Front Psychol 11:551004–551004
doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.551004
Bastien CH, Vallières A, Morin CM (2001) Validation of the Insomnia Severity Index as an outcome measure for insomnia research. Sleep Med 2(4):297–307
doi: 10.1016/S1389-9457(00)00065-4
Chung KF, Kan KK, Yeung WF (2011) Assessing insomnia in adolescents: comparison of Insomnia Severity Index, Athens Insomnia Scale and Sleep Quality Index. Sleep Med 12(5):463–470
doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2010.09.019
Russell DW (1996) UCLA Loneliness Scale (version 3): reliability, validity, and factor structure. J Pers Assess 66(1):20–40
doi: 10.1207/s15327752jpa6601_2
Kessler RC et al (2002) Short screening scales to monitor population prevalences and trends in non-specific psychological distress. Psychol Med 32(6):959–976
doi: 10.1017/S0033291702006074
Kessler RC et al (2003) Screening for serious mental illness in the general population. Arch Gen Psychiatry 60(2):184–189
doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.60.2.184
Furukawa TA et al (2003) The performance of the K6 and K10 screening scales for psychological distress in the Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Well-Being. Psychol Med 33(2):357–362
doi: 10.1017/S0033291702006700
Ferro MA (2019) The psychometric properties of the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6) in an epidemiological sample of Canadian youth. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 64(9):647–657
doi: 10.1177/0706743718818414
Tennant R et al (2007) The Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS): development and UK validation. Health Qual Life Outcomes 5(1):63
doi: 10.1186/1477-7525-5-63
McKay MT, Andretta JR (2017) Evidence for the psychometric validity, internal consistency and measurement invariance of Warwick Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale scores in Scottish and Irish adolescents. Psychiatry Res 255:382–386
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.06.071
Weck F, Bleichhardt G, Hiller W (2010) Screening for hypochondriasis with the illness attitude scales. J Pers Assess 92(3):260–268
doi: 10.1080/00223891003670216
Lawrence D et al (2015) The mental health of children and adolescents: report on the second Australian child and adolescent survey of mental health and wellbeing
Xiang M, Zhang Z, Kuwahara K (2020) Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on children and adolescents’ lifestyle behavior larger than expected. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 63(4):531–532. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2020.04.013
doi: 10.1016/j.pcad.2020.04.013
pubmed: 32360513
pmcid: 7190470
Merikangas KR et al (2010) Prevalence and treatment of mental disorders among US children in the 2001–2004 NHANES. Pediatrics 125(1):75–81
doi: 10.1542/peds.2008-2598
Cui Y, Li Y, Zheng Y (2020) Mental health services for children in China during the COVID-19 pandemic: results of an expert-based national survey among child and adolescent psychiatric hospitals. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 29(6):743–748
doi: 10.1007/s00787-020-01548-x
Revet A et al (2020) ESCAP CovCAP survey of heads of academic departments to assess the perceived initial (April/May 2020) impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on child and adolescent psychiatry services. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-020-01699-x
doi: 10.1007/s00787-020-01699-x
pubmed: 32839873
pmcid: 6987048
Garrido S et al (2019) What works and what doesn’t work? A systematic review of digital mental health interventions for depression and anxiety in young people. Front Psych 10:759–759
doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00759
Carmody J (2020) Young people hit back at coronavirus criticism that they don't understand social distancing and COVID-19 risk. ABC news 2020. https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-03-24/young-people-hit-back-on-social-distancing-coronavirus-rules/12081526 Accessed 16 Jun 2020
Jahng N et al (2007) Student achievement in online distance education compared to face-to-face education. Eur J Open Distance E-Learn 10
Blakemore SJ, Choudhury S (2006) Development of the adolescent brain: implications for executive function and social cognition. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 47(3–4):296–312
doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01611.x
Pfeifer JH, Berkman ET (2018) The development of self and identity in adolescence: neural evidence and implications for a value-based choice perspective on motivated behavior. Child Dev Perspect 12(3):158–164
doi: 10.1111/cdep.12279
Pew Research Centre (2019, February 5). Smartphone owernership is growing rapidly around the world, but not always equally [Press release] https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2019/02/05/smartphone-ownership-is-growing-rapidly-around-the-world-but-not-always-equally/
Yau JC, Reich SM (2018) Are the qualities of adolescents’ offline friendships present in digital interactions? Adolesc Res Rev 3(3):339–355
doi: 10.1007/s40894-017-0059-y
Thorell LB et al (2021) Parental experiences of homeschooling during the COVID-19 pandemic: differences between seven European countries and between children with and without mental health conditions. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-020-01706-1
doi: 10.1007/s00787-020-01706-1
pubmed: 33415470
pmcid: 7790054
Stech EP, Tang S, Wong I, O’Moore K, Newby JM Proactive coping and silver linings during the COVID-19 pandemic. [submitted] Black Dog Institute, The University of New South Wales.
Biddle SJH, Asare M (2011) Physical activity and mental health in children and adolescents: a review of reviews. Br J Sports Med 45(11):886
doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2011-090185
Dolezal B et al (2017) Interrelationship between sleep and exercise: a systematic review. Adv In Prev Med 27:1364387
Ng Fat L et al (2017) Evaluating and establishing national norms for mental wellbeing using the short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (SWEMWBS): findings from the Health Survey for England. Qual Life Res 26(5):1129–1144
doi: 10.1007/s11136-016-1454-8
Hall S, Fildes J, Perrens B, et al (2019) Can we talk? Seven year youth mental health report 2012–2018. https://www.blackdoginstitute.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/2017-youth-mental-health-report_mission-australia-and-black-dog-institute.pdf?sfvrsn=6 Accessed 01 Aug 2020