Ancient horse genomes reveal the timing and extent of dispersals across the Bering Land Bridge.
Bering Land Bridge
Equus ferus
horses
palaeogenomics
population structure
Journal
Molecular ecology
ISSN: 1365-294X
Titre abrégé: Mol Ecol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9214478
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
12 2021
12 2021
Historique:
revised:
24
03
2021
received:
09
01
2021
accepted:
27
04
2021
pubmed:
11
5
2021
medline:
29
1
2022
entrez:
10
5
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The Bering Land Bridge (BLB) last connected Eurasia and North America during the Late Pleistocene. Although the BLB would have enabled transfers of terrestrial biota in both directions, it also acted as an ecological filter whose permeability varied considerably over time. Here we explore the possible impacts of this ecological corridor on genetic diversity within, and connectivity among, populations of a once wide-ranging group, the caballine horses (Equus spp.). Using a panel of 187 mitochondrial and eight nuclear genomes recovered from present-day and extinct caballine horses sampled across the Holarctic, we found that Eurasian horse populations initially diverged from those in North America, their ancestral continent, around 1.0-0.8 million years ago. Subsequent to this split our mitochondrial DNA analysis identified two bidirectional long-range dispersals across the BLB ~875-625 and ~200-50 thousand years ago, during the Middle and Late Pleistocene. Whole genome analysis indicated low levels of gene flow between North American and Eurasian horse populations, which probably occurred as a result of these inferred dispersals. Nonetheless, mitochondrial and nuclear diversity of caballine horse populations retained strong phylogeographical structuring. Our results suggest that barriers to gene flow, currently unidentified but possibly related to habitat distribution across Beringia or ongoing evolutionary divergence, played an important role in shaping the early genetic history of caballine horses, including the ancestors of living horses within Equus ferus.
Substances chimiques
DNA, Mitochondrial
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
6144-6161Subventions
Organisme : Gordon & Betty Moore Foundation
ID : 3804
Organisme : American Wild Horse Campaign
Organisme : National Genomics Infrastructure funded by the Swedish Research Council
Organisme : Uppsala Multidisciplinary Center for Advanced Computational Science
Organisme : Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse
Organisme : U.S. Bureau of Land Management
Organisme : Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada
Organisme : Svenska Forskningsrådet Formas
ID : 2018-01640
Organisme : University of California, Santa Cruz
Organisme : Cana Foundation
Organisme : Science for Life Laboratory
Organisme : Federal theme of Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences
ID : АААА-А19-119032590102-7
Organisme : Russian Foundation for Basic Research
ID : 18-04-00327
Organisme : Russian Foundation for Basic Research
ID : 19-05-00477
Organisme : NSF
ID : ARC-1417036
Organisme : FP7
ID : IEF-302617
Organisme : European Research Council
ID : 681605
Pays : International
Informations de copyright
© 2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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