Clinical, Neuroimmunologic, and CSF Investigations in First Episode Psychosis.

Adolescent Adult Aged Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis / psychology Antibodies / analysis Autoantibodies / analysis Autoimmune Diseases / cerebrospinal fluid Electroencephalography Female Humans Immunoglobulin G / immunology Immunohistochemistry Magnetic Resonance Imaging Male Middle Aged Prospective Studies Psychotic Disorders / cerebrospinal fluid Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / immunology Young Adult

Journal

Neurology
ISSN: 1526-632X
Titre abrégé: Neurology
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0401060

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
06 07 2021
Historique:
received: 02 12 2020
accepted: 26 03 2021
pubmed: 14 5 2021
medline: 24 7 2021
entrez: 13 5 2021
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

To report the neuropsychiatric features and frequency of NMDA receptor (NMDAR) and other neuronal immunoglobulin G antibodies in patients with first episode psychosis (FEP) and to assess the performance of reported warning signs and criteria for autoimmune psychosis (AP). This was a prospective observational study of patients with FEP assessed for neuropsychiatric symptoms, serum and CSF neuronal antibodies (brain immunohistochemistry, cell-based assays, live neurons), and warning signs and criteria of AP. Previous autoimmune FEP series were reviewed. One hundred five patients were included; their median age was 30 (range 14-75) years, and 44 (42%) were female. None had neuronal antibodies. Two of 105 (2%) had CSF pleocytosis, 4 of 100 (4%) had brain MRI abnormalities, and 3 of 73 (4%) EEG alterations. Thirty-four (32%) and 39 (37%) patients fulfilled 2 sets of warning signs of AP, and 21 (20%) fulfilled criteria of possible or probable AP, yet none developed AP. The cause of FEP was psychiatric in 101 (96%) and nonpsychiatric in 4 (4%). During this study, 3 patients with psychosis caused by anti-NMDAR encephalitis were transferred to our center; 2 did not meet criteria for possible AP. Of 1,159 reported patients with FEP, only 7 (1%) had CSF studies; 36 (3%) had serum NMDAR antibodies (without definite diagnosis of AP), and 4 had CSF NMDAR antibodies (3 classic anti-NMDAR encephalitis and 1 with isolated psychiatric features). NMDAR antibodies were not found in patients with FEP unless they had anti-NMDAR encephalitis. Warning signs and criteria for AP have limited utility when neurologic symptoms are absent or paraclinical tests are normal. A diagnostic algorithm for autoimmune FEP is provided.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000012191 PMID: 33980703
pubmed: 33980703
pii: WNL.0000000000012191
doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000012191
doi:

Substances chimiques

Antibodies 0
Autoantibodies 0
Immunoglobulin G 0
Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate 0

Types de publication

Case Reports Journal Article Observational Study Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

e61-e75

Commentaires et corrections

Type : CommentIn
Type : CommentIn
Type : CommentIn
Type : CommentIn
Type : CommentIn

Informations de copyright

© 2021 American Academy of Neurology.

Auteurs

Mar Guasp (M)

From the Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) (M.G., E.M., E.M.-H., M.B., Y.M.-O., G.S., I.P, L.S., A.S., F.G., J.C.-F., E.P., J.D.), Hospital Clínic, and Department of Medicine (M.B., A.S., J.C.-F., E.P.), Universitat de Barcelona; Neurology Department (M.G., E.M.-H., A.S., J.D.), Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology (M.R.-J., G.S., J.C.-F.), Barcelona Clínic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU) (M.B., E.P.), and Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit (I.P.), Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.G., E.M.-H., L.S., J.D.), Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Psychiatry Department (E.G.-S., E.B.-Q., E.D.-L.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme, Mataró; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.B., G.S., I.P., J.C.-F., E.P.), Salud Mental (CIBERSAM); Neurology Department (V.C., N.G., D.M., C.T.-R.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme; Medical Statistics Core Facility (J.R.), IDIBAPS and Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.
ORCID: 0000-0002-0110-5213

Eloi Giné-Servén (E)

From the Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) (M.G., E.M., E.M.-H., M.B., Y.M.-O., G.S., I.P, L.S., A.S., F.G., J.C.-F., E.P., J.D.), Hospital Clínic, and Department of Medicine (M.B., A.S., J.C.-F., E.P.), Universitat de Barcelona; Neurology Department (M.G., E.M.-H., A.S., J.D.), Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology (M.R.-J., G.S., J.C.-F.), Barcelona Clínic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU) (M.B., E.P.), and Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit (I.P.), Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.G., E.M.-H., L.S., J.D.), Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Psychiatry Department (E.G.-S., E.B.-Q., E.D.-L.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme, Mataró; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.B., G.S., I.P., J.C.-F., E.P.), Salud Mental (CIBERSAM); Neurology Department (V.C., N.G., D.M., C.T.-R.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme; Medical Statistics Core Facility (J.R.), IDIBAPS and Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.

Estibaliz Maudes (E)

From the Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) (M.G., E.M., E.M.-H., M.B., Y.M.-O., G.S., I.P, L.S., A.S., F.G., J.C.-F., E.P., J.D.), Hospital Clínic, and Department of Medicine (M.B., A.S., J.C.-F., E.P.), Universitat de Barcelona; Neurology Department (M.G., E.M.-H., A.S., J.D.), Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology (M.R.-J., G.S., J.C.-F.), Barcelona Clínic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU) (M.B., E.P.), and Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit (I.P.), Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.G., E.M.-H., L.S., J.D.), Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Psychiatry Department (E.G.-S., E.B.-Q., E.D.-L.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme, Mataró; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.B., G.S., I.P., J.C.-F., E.P.), Salud Mental (CIBERSAM); Neurology Department (V.C., N.G., D.M., C.T.-R.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme; Medical Statistics Core Facility (J.R.), IDIBAPS and Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.

Mireia Rosa-Justicia (M)

From the Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) (M.G., E.M., E.M.-H., M.B., Y.M.-O., G.S., I.P, L.S., A.S., F.G., J.C.-F., E.P., J.D.), Hospital Clínic, and Department of Medicine (M.B., A.S., J.C.-F., E.P.), Universitat de Barcelona; Neurology Department (M.G., E.M.-H., A.S., J.D.), Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology (M.R.-J., G.S., J.C.-F.), Barcelona Clínic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU) (M.B., E.P.), and Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit (I.P.), Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.G., E.M.-H., L.S., J.D.), Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Psychiatry Department (E.G.-S., E.B.-Q., E.D.-L.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme, Mataró; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.B., G.S., I.P., J.C.-F., E.P.), Salud Mental (CIBERSAM); Neurology Department (V.C., N.G., D.M., C.T.-R.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme; Medical Statistics Core Facility (J.R.), IDIBAPS and Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.
ORCID: 0000-0003-4494-0785

Eugenia Martínez-Hernández (E)

From the Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) (M.G., E.M., E.M.-H., M.B., Y.M.-O., G.S., I.P, L.S., A.S., F.G., J.C.-F., E.P., J.D.), Hospital Clínic, and Department of Medicine (M.B., A.S., J.C.-F., E.P.), Universitat de Barcelona; Neurology Department (M.G., E.M.-H., A.S., J.D.), Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology (M.R.-J., G.S., J.C.-F.), Barcelona Clínic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU) (M.B., E.P.), and Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit (I.P.), Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.G., E.M.-H., L.S., J.D.), Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Psychiatry Department (E.G.-S., E.B.-Q., E.D.-L.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme, Mataró; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.B., G.S., I.P., J.C.-F., E.P.), Salud Mental (CIBERSAM); Neurology Department (V.C., N.G., D.M., C.T.-R.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme; Medical Statistics Core Facility (J.R.), IDIBAPS and Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.

Ester Boix-Quintana (E)

From the Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) (M.G., E.M., E.M.-H., M.B., Y.M.-O., G.S., I.P, L.S., A.S., F.G., J.C.-F., E.P., J.D.), Hospital Clínic, and Department of Medicine (M.B., A.S., J.C.-F., E.P.), Universitat de Barcelona; Neurology Department (M.G., E.M.-H., A.S., J.D.), Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology (M.R.-J., G.S., J.C.-F.), Barcelona Clínic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU) (M.B., E.P.), and Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit (I.P.), Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.G., E.M.-H., L.S., J.D.), Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Psychiatry Department (E.G.-S., E.B.-Q., E.D.-L.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme, Mataró; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.B., G.S., I.P., J.C.-F., E.P.), Salud Mental (CIBERSAM); Neurology Department (V.C., N.G., D.M., C.T.-R.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme; Medical Statistics Core Facility (J.R.), IDIBAPS and Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.

Miquel Bioque (M)

From the Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) (M.G., E.M., E.M.-H., M.B., Y.M.-O., G.S., I.P, L.S., A.S., F.G., J.C.-F., E.P., J.D.), Hospital Clínic, and Department of Medicine (M.B., A.S., J.C.-F., E.P.), Universitat de Barcelona; Neurology Department (M.G., E.M.-H., A.S., J.D.), Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology (M.R.-J., G.S., J.C.-F.), Barcelona Clínic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU) (M.B., E.P.), and Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit (I.P.), Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.G., E.M.-H., L.S., J.D.), Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Psychiatry Department (E.G.-S., E.B.-Q., E.D.-L.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme, Mataró; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.B., G.S., I.P., J.C.-F., E.P.), Salud Mental (CIBERSAM); Neurology Department (V.C., N.G., D.M., C.T.-R.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme; Medical Statistics Core Facility (J.R.), IDIBAPS and Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.

Virginia Casado (V)

From the Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) (M.G., E.M., E.M.-H., M.B., Y.M.-O., G.S., I.P, L.S., A.S., F.G., J.C.-F., E.P., J.D.), Hospital Clínic, and Department of Medicine (M.B., A.S., J.C.-F., E.P.), Universitat de Barcelona; Neurology Department (M.G., E.M.-H., A.S., J.D.), Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology (M.R.-J., G.S., J.C.-F.), Barcelona Clínic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU) (M.B., E.P.), and Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit (I.P.), Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.G., E.M.-H., L.S., J.D.), Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Psychiatry Department (E.G.-S., E.B.-Q., E.D.-L.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme, Mataró; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.B., G.S., I.P., J.C.-F., E.P.), Salud Mental (CIBERSAM); Neurology Department (V.C., N.G., D.M., C.T.-R.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme; Medical Statistics Core Facility (J.R.), IDIBAPS and Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.

Yasmina Módena-Ouarzi (Y)

From the Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) (M.G., E.M., E.M.-H., M.B., Y.M.-O., G.S., I.P, L.S., A.S., F.G., J.C.-F., E.P., J.D.), Hospital Clínic, and Department of Medicine (M.B., A.S., J.C.-F., E.P.), Universitat de Barcelona; Neurology Department (M.G., E.M.-H., A.S., J.D.), Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology (M.R.-J., G.S., J.C.-F.), Barcelona Clínic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU) (M.B., E.P.), and Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit (I.P.), Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.G., E.M.-H., L.S., J.D.), Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Psychiatry Department (E.G.-S., E.B.-Q., E.D.-L.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme, Mataró; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.B., G.S., I.P., J.C.-F., E.P.), Salud Mental (CIBERSAM); Neurology Department (V.C., N.G., D.M., C.T.-R.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme; Medical Statistics Core Facility (J.R.), IDIBAPS and Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.

Nicolau Guanyabens (N)

From the Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) (M.G., E.M., E.M.-H., M.B., Y.M.-O., G.S., I.P, L.S., A.S., F.G., J.C.-F., E.P., J.D.), Hospital Clínic, and Department of Medicine (M.B., A.S., J.C.-F., E.P.), Universitat de Barcelona; Neurology Department (M.G., E.M.-H., A.S., J.D.), Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology (M.R.-J., G.S., J.C.-F.), Barcelona Clínic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU) (M.B., E.P.), and Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit (I.P.), Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.G., E.M.-H., L.S., J.D.), Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Psychiatry Department (E.G.-S., E.B.-Q., E.D.-L.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme, Mataró; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.B., G.S., I.P., J.C.-F., E.P.), Salud Mental (CIBERSAM); Neurology Department (V.C., N.G., D.M., C.T.-R.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme; Medical Statistics Core Facility (J.R.), IDIBAPS and Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.

Desiree Muriana (D)

From the Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) (M.G., E.M., E.M.-H., M.B., Y.M.-O., G.S., I.P, L.S., A.S., F.G., J.C.-F., E.P., J.D.), Hospital Clínic, and Department of Medicine (M.B., A.S., J.C.-F., E.P.), Universitat de Barcelona; Neurology Department (M.G., E.M.-H., A.S., J.D.), Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology (M.R.-J., G.S., J.C.-F.), Barcelona Clínic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU) (M.B., E.P.), and Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit (I.P.), Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.G., E.M.-H., L.S., J.D.), Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Psychiatry Department (E.G.-S., E.B.-Q., E.D.-L.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme, Mataró; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.B., G.S., I.P., J.C.-F., E.P.), Salud Mental (CIBERSAM); Neurology Department (V.C., N.G., D.M., C.T.-R.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme; Medical Statistics Core Facility (J.R.), IDIBAPS and Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.

Gisela Sugranyes (G)

From the Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) (M.G., E.M., E.M.-H., M.B., Y.M.-O., G.S., I.P, L.S., A.S., F.G., J.C.-F., E.P., J.D.), Hospital Clínic, and Department of Medicine (M.B., A.S., J.C.-F., E.P.), Universitat de Barcelona; Neurology Department (M.G., E.M.-H., A.S., J.D.), Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology (M.R.-J., G.S., J.C.-F.), Barcelona Clínic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU) (M.B., E.P.), and Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit (I.P.), Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.G., E.M.-H., L.S., J.D.), Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Psychiatry Department (E.G.-S., E.B.-Q., E.D.-L.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme, Mataró; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.B., G.S., I.P., J.C.-F., E.P.), Salud Mental (CIBERSAM); Neurology Department (V.C., N.G., D.M., C.T.-R.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme; Medical Statistics Core Facility (J.R.), IDIBAPS and Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.

Isabella Pacchiarotti (I)

From the Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) (M.G., E.M., E.M.-H., M.B., Y.M.-O., G.S., I.P, L.S., A.S., F.G., J.C.-F., E.P., J.D.), Hospital Clínic, and Department of Medicine (M.B., A.S., J.C.-F., E.P.), Universitat de Barcelona; Neurology Department (M.G., E.M.-H., A.S., J.D.), Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology (M.R.-J., G.S., J.C.-F.), Barcelona Clínic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU) (M.B., E.P.), and Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit (I.P.), Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.G., E.M.-H., L.S., J.D.), Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Psychiatry Department (E.G.-S., E.B.-Q., E.D.-L.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme, Mataró; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.B., G.S., I.P., J.C.-F., E.P.), Salud Mental (CIBERSAM); Neurology Department (V.C., N.G., D.M., C.T.-R.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme; Medical Statistics Core Facility (J.R.), IDIBAPS and Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.

Eva Davi-Loscos (E)

From the Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) (M.G., E.M., E.M.-H., M.B., Y.M.-O., G.S., I.P, L.S., A.S., F.G., J.C.-F., E.P., J.D.), Hospital Clínic, and Department of Medicine (M.B., A.S., J.C.-F., E.P.), Universitat de Barcelona; Neurology Department (M.G., E.M.-H., A.S., J.D.), Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology (M.R.-J., G.S., J.C.-F.), Barcelona Clínic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU) (M.B., E.P.), and Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit (I.P.), Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.G., E.M.-H., L.S., J.D.), Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Psychiatry Department (E.G.-S., E.B.-Q., E.D.-L.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme, Mataró; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.B., G.S., I.P., J.C.-F., E.P.), Salud Mental (CIBERSAM); Neurology Department (V.C., N.G., D.M., C.T.-R.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme; Medical Statistics Core Facility (J.R.), IDIBAPS and Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.

Cristina Torres-Rivas (C)

From the Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) (M.G., E.M., E.M.-H., M.B., Y.M.-O., G.S., I.P, L.S., A.S., F.G., J.C.-F., E.P., J.D.), Hospital Clínic, and Department of Medicine (M.B., A.S., J.C.-F., E.P.), Universitat de Barcelona; Neurology Department (M.G., E.M.-H., A.S., J.D.), Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology (M.R.-J., G.S., J.C.-F.), Barcelona Clínic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU) (M.B., E.P.), and Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit (I.P.), Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.G., E.M.-H., L.S., J.D.), Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Psychiatry Department (E.G.-S., E.B.-Q., E.D.-L.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme, Mataró; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.B., G.S., I.P., J.C.-F., E.P.), Salud Mental (CIBERSAM); Neurology Department (V.C., N.G., D.M., C.T.-R.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme; Medical Statistics Core Facility (J.R.), IDIBAPS and Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.

José Ríos (J)

From the Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) (M.G., E.M., E.M.-H., M.B., Y.M.-O., G.S., I.P, L.S., A.S., F.G., J.C.-F., E.P., J.D.), Hospital Clínic, and Department of Medicine (M.B., A.S., J.C.-F., E.P.), Universitat de Barcelona; Neurology Department (M.G., E.M.-H., A.S., J.D.), Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology (M.R.-J., G.S., J.C.-F.), Barcelona Clínic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU) (M.B., E.P.), and Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit (I.P.), Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.G., E.M.-H., L.S., J.D.), Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Psychiatry Department (E.G.-S., E.B.-Q., E.D.-L.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme, Mataró; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.B., G.S., I.P., J.C.-F., E.P.), Salud Mental (CIBERSAM); Neurology Department (V.C., N.G., D.M., C.T.-R.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme; Medical Statistics Core Facility (J.R.), IDIBAPS and Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.
ORCID: 0000-0002-0716-8784

Lidia Sabater (L)

From the Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) (M.G., E.M., E.M.-H., M.B., Y.M.-O., G.S., I.P, L.S., A.S., F.G., J.C.-F., E.P., J.D.), Hospital Clínic, and Department of Medicine (M.B., A.S., J.C.-F., E.P.), Universitat de Barcelona; Neurology Department (M.G., E.M.-H., A.S., J.D.), Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology (M.R.-J., G.S., J.C.-F.), Barcelona Clínic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU) (M.B., E.P.), and Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit (I.P.), Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.G., E.M.-H., L.S., J.D.), Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Psychiatry Department (E.G.-S., E.B.-Q., E.D.-L.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme, Mataró; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.B., G.S., I.P., J.C.-F., E.P.), Salud Mental (CIBERSAM); Neurology Department (V.C., N.G., D.M., C.T.-R.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme; Medical Statistics Core Facility (J.R.), IDIBAPS and Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.

Albert Saiz (A)

From the Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) (M.G., E.M., E.M.-H., M.B., Y.M.-O., G.S., I.P, L.S., A.S., F.G., J.C.-F., E.P., J.D.), Hospital Clínic, and Department of Medicine (M.B., A.S., J.C.-F., E.P.), Universitat de Barcelona; Neurology Department (M.G., E.M.-H., A.S., J.D.), Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology (M.R.-J., G.S., J.C.-F.), Barcelona Clínic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU) (M.B., E.P.), and Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit (I.P.), Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.G., E.M.-H., L.S., J.D.), Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Psychiatry Department (E.G.-S., E.B.-Q., E.D.-L.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme, Mataró; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.B., G.S., I.P., J.C.-F., E.P.), Salud Mental (CIBERSAM); Neurology Department (V.C., N.G., D.M., C.T.-R.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme; Medical Statistics Core Facility (J.R.), IDIBAPS and Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.

Francesc Graus (F)

From the Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) (M.G., E.M., E.M.-H., M.B., Y.M.-O., G.S., I.P, L.S., A.S., F.G., J.C.-F., E.P., J.D.), Hospital Clínic, and Department of Medicine (M.B., A.S., J.C.-F., E.P.), Universitat de Barcelona; Neurology Department (M.G., E.M.-H., A.S., J.D.), Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology (M.R.-J., G.S., J.C.-F.), Barcelona Clínic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU) (M.B., E.P.), and Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit (I.P.), Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.G., E.M.-H., L.S., J.D.), Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Psychiatry Department (E.G.-S., E.B.-Q., E.D.-L.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme, Mataró; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.B., G.S., I.P., J.C.-F., E.P.), Salud Mental (CIBERSAM); Neurology Department (V.C., N.G., D.M., C.T.-R.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme; Medical Statistics Core Facility (J.R.), IDIBAPS and Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.

Josefina Castro-Fornieles (J)

From the Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) (M.G., E.M., E.M.-H., M.B., Y.M.-O., G.S., I.P, L.S., A.S., F.G., J.C.-F., E.P., J.D.), Hospital Clínic, and Department of Medicine (M.B., A.S., J.C.-F., E.P.), Universitat de Barcelona; Neurology Department (M.G., E.M.-H., A.S., J.D.), Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology (M.R.-J., G.S., J.C.-F.), Barcelona Clínic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU) (M.B., E.P.), and Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit (I.P.), Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.G., E.M.-H., L.S., J.D.), Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Psychiatry Department (E.G.-S., E.B.-Q., E.D.-L.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme, Mataró; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.B., G.S., I.P., J.C.-F., E.P.), Salud Mental (CIBERSAM); Neurology Department (V.C., N.G., D.M., C.T.-R.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme; Medical Statistics Core Facility (J.R.), IDIBAPS and Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.

Eduard Parellada (E)

From the Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) (M.G., E.M., E.M.-H., M.B., Y.M.-O., G.S., I.P, L.S., A.S., F.G., J.C.-F., E.P., J.D.), Hospital Clínic, and Department of Medicine (M.B., A.S., J.C.-F., E.P.), Universitat de Barcelona; Neurology Department (M.G., E.M.-H., A.S., J.D.), Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology (M.R.-J., G.S., J.C.-F.), Barcelona Clínic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU) (M.B., E.P.), and Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit (I.P.), Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.G., E.M.-H., L.S., J.D.), Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Psychiatry Department (E.G.-S., E.B.-Q., E.D.-L.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme, Mataró; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.B., G.S., I.P., J.C.-F., E.P.), Salud Mental (CIBERSAM); Neurology Department (V.C., N.G., D.M., C.T.-R.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme; Medical Statistics Core Facility (J.R.), IDIBAPS and Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.

Josep Dalmau (J)

From the Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) (M.G., E.M., E.M.-H., M.B., Y.M.-O., G.S., I.P, L.S., A.S., F.G., J.C.-F., E.P., J.D.), Hospital Clínic, and Department of Medicine (M.B., A.S., J.C.-F., E.P.), Universitat de Barcelona; Neurology Department (M.G., E.M.-H., A.S., J.D.), Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology (M.R.-J., G.S., J.C.-F.), Barcelona Clínic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU) (M.B., E.P.), and Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit (I.P.), Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.G., E.M.-H., L.S., J.D.), Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Psychiatry Department (E.G.-S., E.B.-Q., E.D.-L.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme, Mataró; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (M.B., G.S., I.P., J.C.-F., E.P.), Salud Mental (CIBERSAM); Neurology Department (V.C., N.G., D.M., C.T.-R.), Hospital de Mataró Consorci Sanitari del Maresme; Medical Statistics Core Facility (J.R.), IDIBAPS and Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain. jdalmau@clinic.cat.
ORCID: 0000-0001-5856-2813

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Classifications MeSH

questionsmedicales.fr › Personnes › Tranches d'âge › Adolescent › Clinical, Neuroimmunologic, and CSF...
questionsmedicales.fr › Personnes › Tranches d'âge › Adulte › Clinical, Neuroimmunologic, and CSF...
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questionsmedicales.fr › Maladies du système immunitaire › Maladies auto-immunes › Maladies auto-immunes du système nerveux › Encéphalite à anticorps anti-récepteur N-méthyl-D-aspartate › Clinical, Neuroimmunologic, and CSF...
questionsmedicales.fr › Acides aminés, peptides et protéines › Protéines › Globulines › Sérum-globulines › Immunoglobulines › Anticorps › Clinical, Neuroimmunologic, and CSF...
questionsmedicales.fr › Acides aminés, peptides et protéines › Protéines › Globulines › Sérum-globulines › Immunoglobulines › Anticorps › Autoanticorps › Clinical, Neuroimmunologic, and CSF...
questionsmedicales.fr › Maladies du système immunitaire › Maladies auto-immunes › Clinical, Neuroimmunologic, and CSF...
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questionsmedicales.fr › Acides aminés, peptides et protéines › Protéines › Globulines › Sérum-globulines › Immunoglobulines › Anticorps › Isotypes des immunoglobulines › Immunoglobuline G › Clinical, Neuroimmunologic, and CSF...
questionsmedicales.fr › Disciplines des sciences naturelles › Chimie › Biochimie › Immunohistochimie › Clinical, Neuroimmunologic, and CSF...
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questionsmedicales.fr › Acides aminés, peptides et protéines › Protéines › Protéines membranaires › Récepteurs de surface cellulaire › Récepteurs aux neuromédiateurs › Récepteurs aux acides aminés › Récepteurs au glutamate › Récepteurs ionotropes du glutamate › Récepteurs du N-méthyl-D-aspartate › Clinical, Neuroimmunologic, and CSF...
questionsmedicales.fr › Personnes › Tranches d'âge › Adulte › Jeune adulte › Clinical, Neuroimmunologic, and CSF...