Adult hippocampal neurogenesis shapes adaptation and improves stress response: a mechanistic and integrative perspective.
Journal
Molecular psychiatry
ISSN: 1476-5578
Titre abrégé: Mol Psychiatry
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9607835
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 2022
01 2022
Historique:
received:
26
08
2020
accepted:
19
04
2021
revised:
09
04
2021
pubmed:
16
5
2021
medline:
12
4
2022
entrez:
15
5
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) represents a remarkable form of neuroplasticity that has increasingly been linked to the stress response in recent years. However, the hippocampus does not itself support the expression of the different dimensions of the stress response. Moreover, the main hippocampal functions are essentially preserved under AHN depletion and adult-born immature neurons (abGNs) have no extrahippocampal projections, which questions the mechanisms by which abGNs influence functions supported by brain areas far from the hippocampus. Within this framework, we propose that through its computational influences AHN is pivotal in shaping adaption to environmental demands, underlying its role in stress response. The hippocampus with its high input convergence and output divergence represents a computational hub, ideally positioned in the brain (1) to detect cues and contexts linked to past, current and predicted stressful experiences, and (2) to supervise the expression of the stress response at the cognitive, affective, behavioral, and physiological levels. AHN appears to bias hippocampal computations toward enhanced conjunctive encoding and pattern separation, promoting contextual discrimination and cognitive flexibility, reducing proactive interference and generalization of stressful experiences to safe contexts. These effects result in gating downstream brain areas with more accurate and contextualized information, enabling the different dimensions of the stress response to be more appropriately set with specific contexts. Here, we first provide an integrative perspective of the functional involvement of AHN in the hippocampus and a phenomenological overview of the stress response. We then examine the mechanistic underpinning of the role of AHN in the stress response and describe its potential implications in the different dimensions accompanying this response.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33990771
doi: 10.1038/s41380-021-01136-8
pii: 10.1038/s41380-021-01136-8
pmc: PMC8960391
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
403-421Informations de copyright
© 2021. The Author(s).
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