Intracellular and Extracellular Roles of Granzyme K.
Animals
Bacterial Infections
/ drug therapy
Cytokines
/ metabolism
Cytotoxicity, Immunologic
Endothelial Cells
/ immunology
Extracellular Space
/ immunology
Granzymes
/ antagonists & inhibitors
Humans
Intracellular Space
/ immunology
Lung Diseases
/ drug therapy
Molecular Targeted Therapy
/ methods
Serine Proteinase Inhibitors
/ therapeutic use
Treatment Outcome
Virus Diseases
/ drug therapy
cytotoxic cells
cytotoxicity
disease
granzyme K
inflammation
Journal
Frontiers in immunology
ISSN: 1664-3224
Titre abrégé: Front Immunol
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101560960
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2021
2021
Historique:
received:
08
03
2021
accepted:
21
04
2021
entrez:
21
5
2021
pubmed:
22
5
2021
medline:
27
10
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Granzymes are a family of serine proteases stored in granules inside cytotoxic cells of the immune system. Granzyme K (GrK) has been only limitedly characterized and knowledge on its molecular functions is emerging. Traditionally GrK is described as a granule-secreted, pro-apoptotic serine protease. However, accumulating evidence is redefining the functions of GrK by the discovery of novel intracellular (e.g. cytotoxicity, inhibition of viral replication) and extracellular roles (e.g. endothelial activation and modulation of a pro-inflammatory immune cytokine response). Moreover, elevated GrK levels are associated with disease, including viral and bacterial infections, airway inflammation and thermal injury. This review aims to summarize and discuss the current knowledge of i) intracellular and extracellular GrK activity, ii) cytotoxic and non-cytotoxic GrK functioning, iii) the role of GrK in disease, and iv) GrK as a potential therapeutic target.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34017346
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.677707
pmc: PMC8129556
doi:
Substances chimiques
Cytokines
0
Serine Proteinase Inhibitors
0
Granzymes
EC 3.4.21.-
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
677707Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2021 Bouwman, van Daalen, Crnko, ten Broeke and Bovenschen.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The reviewer DK declared a past co-authorship with one of the authors NB to the handling editor.
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