A comprehensive review of m6A/m6Am RNA methyltransferase structures.
Journal
Nucleic acids research
ISSN: 1362-4962
Titre abrégé: Nucleic Acids Res
Pays: England
ID NLM: 0411011
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
21 07 2021
21 07 2021
Historique:
accepted:
26
04
2021
revised:
21
04
2021
received:
23
02
2021
pubmed:
24
5
2021
medline:
10
8
2021
entrez:
23
5
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Gene expression is regulated at many levels including co- or post-transcriptionally, where chemical modifications are added to RNA on riboses and bases. Expression control via RNA modifications has been termed 'epitranscriptomics' to keep with the related 'epigenomics' for DNA modification. One such RNA modification is the N6-methylation found on adenosine (m6A) and 2'-O-methyladenosine (m6Am) in most types of RNA. The N6-methylation can affect the fold, stability, degradation and cellular interaction(s) of the modified RNA, implicating it in processes such as splicing, translation, export and decay. The multiple roles played by this modification explains why m6A misregulation is connected to multiple human cancers. The m6A/m6Am writer enzymes are RNA methyltransferases (MTases). Structures are available for functionally characterized m6A RNA MTases from human (m6A mRNA, m6A snRNA, m6A rRNA and m6Am mRNA MTases), zebrafish (m6Am mRNA MTase) and bacteria (m6A rRNA MTase). For each of these MTases, we describe their overall domain organization, the active site architecture and the substrate binding. We identify areas that remain to be investigated, propose yet unexplored routes for structural characterization of MTase:substrate complexes, and highlight common structural elements that should be described for future m6A/m6Am RNA MTase structures.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34023900
pii: 6281478
doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab378
pmc: PMC8287941
doi:
Substances chimiques
Zebrafish Proteins
0
2'-O-methyladenosine
02YX82IHZ5
N-methyladenosine
CLE6G00625
METTL14 protein, human
EC 2.1.1.-
METTL16 protein, human
EC 2.1.1.-
METTL5 protein, human
EC 2.1.1.-
Methyltransferases
EC 2.1.1.-
TRMT112 protein, human
EC 2.1.1.-
ZCCHC4 protein, human
EC 2.1.1.-
METTL3 protein, human
EC 2.1.1.62
Adenosine
K72T3FS567
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
7239-7255Informations de copyright
© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nucleic Acids Research.
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