ICIPEMIR: Improving the Completeness, Interoperability and Patient Explanations of Medical Imaging Reports.

Although electronic health records have been facilitating the management of medical information, there is still room for improvement in daily production of medical report. Possible areas for improvement would be: to improve reports quality (by increasing exhaustivity), to improve patients' understanding (by mean of a graphical display), to save physicians' time (by helping reports writing), and to improve sharing and storage (by enhancing interoperability). We set up the ICIPEMIR project (Improving the completeness, interoperability and patients explanation of medical imaging reports) as an academic solution to optimize medical imaging reports production. Such a project requires two layers: one engineering layer to build the automation process, and a second medical layer to determine domain-specific data models for each type of report. We describe here the medical layer of this project. We designed a reproducible methodology to identify -for a given medical imaging exam- mandatory fields, and describe a corresponding simple data model using validated formats. The mandatory fields had to meet legal requirements, domain-specific guidelines, and results of a bibliographic review on clinical studies. An UML representation, a JSON Schema, and a YAML instance dataset were defined. Based on this data model a form was created using Goupile, an open source eCRF script-based editor. In addition, a graphical display was designed and mapped with the data model, as well as a text template to automatically produce a free-text report. Finally, the YAML instance was encoded in a QR-Code to allow offline paper-based transmission of structured data. We tested this methodology in a specific domain: computed tomography for urolithiasis. We successfully extracted 73 fields, and transformed them into a simple data model, with mapping to a simple graphical display, and textual report template. The offline QR-code transmission of a 2,615 characters YAML file was successful with simple smartphone QR-Code scanner. Although automated production of medical report requires domain-specific data model and mapping, these can be defined using a reproducible methodology. Hopefully this proof of concept will lead to a computer solution to optimize medical imaging reports, driven by academic research.