COVID-19 impacts on drinking and mental health in emerging adults: Longitudinal changes and moderation by economic disruption and sex.
COVID-19
alcohol
anxiety
depression
emerging adults
sex differences
Journal
Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research
ISSN: 1530-0277
Titre abrégé: Alcohol Clin Exp Res
Pays: England
ID NLM: 7707242
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
07 2021
07 2021
Historique:
revised:
20
04
2021
received:
21
02
2021
accepted:
21
04
2021
pubmed:
4
6
2021
medline:
5
8
2021
entrez:
3
6
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
There are significant concerns that the COVID-19 pandemic may have negative effects on substance use and mental health, but most studies to date are cross-sectional. In a sample of emerging adults, over a two-week period during the pandemic, the current study examined: (1) changes in drinking-related outcomes, depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder and (2) differences in changes by sex and income loss. The intra-pandemic measures were compared to pre-pandemic measures. Participants were 473 emerging adults (M Longitudinal analyses revealed significant decreases in heavy drinking and adverse alcohol consequences, with no moderation by sex or income loss, but with substantial heterogeneity in changes. Significant increases in continuous measures of depression and anxiety were present, both of which were moderated by sex. Females reported significantly larger increases in depression and anxiety. Income loss >50% was significantly associated with increases in depression. During the initial phase of the pandemic, reductions in heavy drinking and alcohol consequences were present in this sample of emerging adults, perhaps due to restrictions on socializing. In contrast, there was an increase in internalizing symptoms , especially in females, highlighting disparities in the mental health impacts of the pandemic.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
There are significant concerns that the COVID-19 pandemic may have negative effects on substance use and mental health, but most studies to date are cross-sectional. In a sample of emerging adults, over a two-week period during the pandemic, the current study examined: (1) changes in drinking-related outcomes, depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder and (2) differences in changes by sex and income loss. The intra-pandemic measures were compared to pre-pandemic measures.
METHODS
Participants were 473 emerging adults (M
RESULTS
Longitudinal analyses revealed significant decreases in heavy drinking and adverse alcohol consequences, with no moderation by sex or income loss, but with substantial heterogeneity in changes. Significant increases in continuous measures of depression and anxiety were present, both of which were moderated by sex. Females reported significantly larger increases in depression and anxiety. Income loss >50% was significantly associated with increases in depression.
CONCLUSIONS
During the initial phase of the pandemic, reductions in heavy drinking and alcohol consequences were present in this sample of emerging adults, perhaps due to restrictions on socializing. In contrast, there was an increase in internalizing symptoms , especially in females, highlighting disparities in the mental health impacts of the pandemic.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34081349
doi: 10.1111/acer.14624
pmc: PMC8212111
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Observational Study
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1448-1457Subventions
Organisme : CIHR
Pays : Canada
Organisme : CIHR
Pays : Canada
Informations de copyright
© 2021 by the Research Society on Alcoholism.
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