Effects of defect action level of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) fragments on quality of wheat flour.
DAL
T. castaneum
fragments
insect population density
optimization
Journal
Journal of the science of food and agriculture
ISSN: 1097-0010
Titre abrégé: J Sci Food Agric
Pays: England
ID NLM: 0376334
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
15 Jan 2022
15 Jan 2022
Historique:
revised:
05
05
2021
received:
08
02
2021
accepted:
04
06
2021
pubmed:
5
6
2021
medline:
18
11
2021
entrez:
4
6
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) is one of the most important secondary storage pests of all types of flour and flour-based products. The present study focuses on the fragment producing behaviour of T. castaneum in wheat flour during storage and its effect on the quality parameters and defect action level (DAL) of fragments. The US Food and Drug Administration has set a DAL of 75 insect fragments in 50 g of flour. Box-Behnken design was used to optimize the storage conditions (storage period in days and temperature in degrees Celsius) and insect density (numbers) to keep insect fragments below the DAL. Optimization results indicated that the presence of single number of adult of T. castaneum is enough to cross the DAL of insect fragments within a storage period of 21 days at a storage temperature of 30 °C. Insect fragments cause perceptible changes in the quality of wheat flour. When sample attained DAL of T. castaneum fragments in wheat flour,the various quality parameters were analysed in that moisture content of wheat flour was 10.8 ± 0.26%, total colour change was 2.052 (ΔE value), T. castaneum progeny emergence was 19.66 ± 1, uric acid was 1.8 ± 0.16 g kg Results from the present study indicate that the presence of even a single adult of stored pest in wheat flour should not be ignored. It is mandatory to determine the threshold level and frequent sampling is required to achieve zero tolerance of stored product insects in food commodities. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) is one of the most important secondary storage pests of all types of flour and flour-based products. The present study focuses on the fragment producing behaviour of T. castaneum in wheat flour during storage and its effect on the quality parameters and defect action level (DAL) of fragments. The US Food and Drug Administration has set a DAL of 75 insect fragments in 50 g of flour. Box-Behnken design was used to optimize the storage conditions (storage period in days and temperature in degrees Celsius) and insect density (numbers) to keep insect fragments below the DAL.
RESULTS
RESULTS
Optimization results indicated that the presence of single number of adult of T. castaneum is enough to cross the DAL of insect fragments within a storage period of 21 days at a storage temperature of 30 °C. Insect fragments cause perceptible changes in the quality of wheat flour. When sample attained DAL of T. castaneum fragments in wheat flour,the various quality parameters were analysed in that moisture content of wheat flour was 10.8 ± 0.26%, total colour change was 2.052 (ΔE value), T. castaneum progeny emergence was 19.66 ± 1, uric acid was 1.8 ± 0.16 g kg
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
Results from the present study indicate that the presence of even a single adult of stored pest in wheat flour should not be ignored. It is mandatory to determine the threshold level and frequent sampling is required to achieve zero tolerance of stored product insects in food commodities. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Substances chimiques
Uric Acid
268B43MJ25
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
223-232Informations de copyright
© 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Références
Jung JM, Byeon DH, Kim SH and Lee WH, Estimating economic damage to cocoa bean production with changes in the spatial distribution of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) in response to climate change. J Stored Prod Res 89:101681 (2020).
USDA (2020). Available: https://www.fas.usda.gov/data/india-grain-and-feed-annual-4. (accessed on 3 April 2020).
Arbogast RT, Kendra PE, Mankin RW and McGovern JE, Monitoring insect pests in retail stores by trapping and spatial analysis. J Econ Entomol 93:1531-1542 (2000).
Mangang IB, Tiwari A, Rajamani M and Manickam L, Comparative laboratory efficacy of novel botanical extracts against Tribolium castaneum. J Sci Food Agric 100:1541-1546 (2020).
Devi MB and Devi NV eds, Biology of rust-red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). BFAIJ 7:12-15 (2015).
Keskin S and Ozkaya H, Effect of storage and insect infestation on the mineral and vitamin contents of wheat grain and flour. J Econ Entomol 106:1058-1063 (2013).
Hell KCK, Setamou M and Poehling HM, The influence of storage practices on aflatoxin contamination in maize in four agro ecological zones of Benin, West Africa. J Stored Prod Res 36:365-382 (2000).
El-Mofty MM, Sakr SA, Osman SI and Toulan BA, Carcinogenic effect of biscuits made of flour infested with Tribolium castaneum in Bufo regularis. Oncology 46:63-65 (1989).
Hodges R, Robinson R and Hall D, Quinone contamination of dehusked rice by Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). J Stored Prod Res 32:31-37 (1996).
El-Mofty M, Khudoley V, Sakr S and Fathala N, Flour infested with Tribolium castaneum, biscuits made of this flour, and 1,4-benzoquinone induce neoplastic lesions in Swiss albino mice. Nutr Cancer 17:97-104 (1992).
Balasubramanian A, Jayas D, Fernando W, Li G and White N, Sensitivity analysis of DNA fingerprinting technique for detecting insect fragments in wheat flour. Can Biosyst Eng 49:4.1-4.5 (2007).
Stejskal V, Hubert J, Aulicky R and Kucerova Z, Overview of present and past and pest-associated risks in stored food and feed products: European perspective. J Stored Prod Res 64:122-132 (2015).
Solà M, Lundgren JG, Agustí N and Riudavets J, Detection and quantification of the insect pest Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) in rice by qPCR. J Stored Prod Res 71:106-111 (2017).
Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Nutrition, The Food Defect Action Levels (1998 &2005).
Negi A, Meenatchi R and Anandhramakrishnan C, Insect fragments in food commodities: a major concern for export. Processed Food Ind 21:25-28 (2018) Available: https://aoac-india.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/Processed-Food-Industry_Mar_2018.pdf [March 2018].
Kumar CN. Sensitivity of India's Agri-food Exports to the European Union: An Institutional Perspective. Institute for Social and Economic Change (working paper 366) (2016). Available: http://www.isec.ac.in/WP%20366%20-%20Nalin%20Kumar%20-%20Final.pdf.
FSSAI (2018). [online] Available: https://foodsafetyhelpline.com/fssai-notifies-amendments-to-standards-for-some-cereals-and-cereal-products/. (accessed on 1 May 2021 & 18 June 2021).
Jonfia-Essien W, Screening of new cocoa types for insect infestation and biochemical analysis of the stored beans. Pak J Biol Sci 9:2564-2571 (2006).
Tefera T, Mugo S and Likhayo P, Effects of insect population density and storage time on grain damage and weight loss in maize due to the maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais and the larger grain borer Prostephanus truncatus. Afr J Agric Res 6:2249-2254 (2011).
Ferreira SC, Bruns R, Ferreira H, Matos G, David J, Brandao G et al., Box-Behnken design: an alternative for the optimization of analytical methods. Anal Chim Acta 597:179-186 (2007).
Gaikwad PS, Pare A and Sunil CK, Effect of process parameters of microwave-assisted hot air drying on characteristics of fried black gram papad. J Food Sci Technol 25:1-1 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-021-05050-3.
AACC, Approved methods of the American Association of Cereal Chemists. Methods 54:21 (2000) Extraneous Matter - Acid Hydrolysis Method for Extracting Insect Fragments and Rodent Hairs, Light Filth in White Flour AACC Method 28-41.03(2010).
Negi A, Arunkumar A, Sureshkumar K and Meenatchi R, A molecular approach for the detection and quantification of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) infestation in stored wheat flour. Food Technol Biotechnol 591:112-121 (2021). https://doi.org/10.17113/ftb.59.01.21.6902.
Oliver J, Blakeney A and Allen H, Measurement of flour color in color space parameters. Cereal Chem 69:546-551 (1992).
Batool SA, Rauf N, Tahir S and Kalsoom R, Microbial and physico-chemical contamination in the wheat flour of the twin cities of Pakistan. Int J Food Saf 14:75-82 (2012).
FSSAI, Cereal and cereal products. Manual of methods of analysis of foods, Method 3,8-9, AOAC Method No. 970.24 (2016).
FSSAI, Mycotoxin. Manual of methods of analysis of foods, Method 16,56-61, AOAC Method No. 970.44 (2016)
Pattikawa JA and Wenno PA, Effect of temperature and photoperiod on growth, molting and survival of marron Cherax tenuimanus. Aquacult Aquarium Conserv Legis 7:217-224 (2014).
Skourti A, Kavallieratos NG and Papanikolaou NE, Laboratory evaluation of development and survival of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) under constant temperatures. J Stored Prod Res 83:305-310 (2019).
Ghent AW, Studies of behavior of the Tribolium flour beetles. II. Distributions in depth of T. castaneum and T. confusum in fractionable shell vials. Ecology 47:355-367 (1966). https://doi.org/10.2307/1932976.
Howe RW, The effect of temperature and humidity on the rate of development and mortality of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae). Ann Appl Biol 44:356-368 (1956).
Rajendran S, Insect pest management in stored products. Outlooks Pest Manage 31:24-35 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1564/v31_feb_05.
Manu N, Opit G, Osekre E, Arthur F, Mbata G, Armstrong P et al., Moisture content, insect pest infestation and mycotoxin levels of maize in markets in the northern region of Ghana. J Stored Prod Res 80:10-20 (2019).
Dars FO, Rustamani MA, Khuhro RD and Baloch HB, Effect of wheat grain moisture on infestation of red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst.). Pak J Zool 33:189-192 (2001).
Mehmood K, Husain M, Aslam M, Ahmedani MS, Aulakh A and Shaheen F, Changes in the nutritional composition of maize flour due to Tribolium castaneum infestation and application of carbon dioxide to manage this pest. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25:18540-18547 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-2063-6.
Sen NP, Uric acid as an index of insect infestation in flour. JAOAC 51:785-791 (1968). https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/51.4.785.
El-Desouky TA, Elbadawy SS, Hussain HB and Hassan NA, Impact of insect densities Tribolium castaneum on the benzoquinone secretions and aflatoxins levels in wheat flour during storage periods. Open Biotechnol J 12:104-111 (2018). https://doi.org/10.2174/1874070701812010104.
Akpe ARUP, Enabulela OI, Esumeh FI, Obiazi HA, Amhanre IN and Omoigberate OM, Bacteriological and physicochemical quality of wheaten white bread flour made for Nigerian market. Pak J Nutr 9:1078-1083 (2010).
Bosly HA and Kawanna MA, Fungi species and red flour beetle in stored wheat flour under Jazan region conditions. Toxicol Ind Health 30:304-310 (2014).
Ntuli V, Mekbib SB, Asita A, Molebatsi N, Makotoko M, Chatanga P, Microbial and physicochemical characterization of maize and wheat flour from a milling company, Lesotho (2013). 1852014