A media intervention applying debunking versus non-debunking content to combat vaccine misinformation in elderly in the Netherlands: A digital randomised trial.

Debunking Media intervention Media psychology Misinformation Public health Vaccines

Journal

EClinicalMedicine
ISSN: 2589-5370
Titre abrégé: EClinicalMedicine
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101733727

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
May 2021
Historique:
received: 26 02 2021
revised: 13 04 2021
accepted: 16 04 2021
entrez: 14 6 2021
pubmed: 15 6 2021
medline: 15 6 2021
Statut: epublish

Résumé

As several COVID-19 vaccines are rolled-out globally, it has become important to develop an effective strategy for vaccine acceptance, especially in high-risk groups, such as elderly. Vaccine misconception was declared by WHO as one of the top 10 health issues in 2019. Here we test the effectiveness of applying debunking to combat vaccine misinformation, and reduce vaccine hesitancy. Participants were recruited via a daily news show on Dutch Television, targeted to elderly viewers. The study was conducted in 980 elderly citizens during the October 2020 National Influenza Vaccination Campaign. Borrowing from the recent literature in behavioural science and psychology we conducted a two-arm randomized blinded parallel study, in which participants were allocated to exposure to a video containing social norms, vaccine information plus debunking of vaccination myths (intervention group, Participants were recruited from the 13th of October 2020 till the 16th of October 2020 and could immediately participate in the pre-intervention survey. Subsequently, eligible participants were randomly assigned to an interventional video and the follow-up survey, distributed through email on the 18th of October 2020, and available for participation till the 24th of October 2020. We found that exposure to the video with addition of debunking strategies on top of social norm modelling and information resulted in substantially stronger rejection of vaccination misconceptions, including the belief that: (1) vaccinations can cause Autism Spectrum Disorders; (2) vaccinations weaken the immune system; (3) influenza vaccination would hamper the COVID-19 vaccine efficacy. Additionally, we observed that exposure to debunking in the intervention resulted in enhanced trust in government. Utilizing debunking in media campaigns on top of vaccine information and social norm modeling is an effective means to combat misinformation and distrust associated with vaccination in elderly, and could help maximize grounds for the acceptance of vaccines, including the COVID-19 vaccines. Dutch Influenza Foundation.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
As several COVID-19 vaccines are rolled-out globally, it has become important to develop an effective strategy for vaccine acceptance, especially in high-risk groups, such as elderly. Vaccine misconception was declared by WHO as one of the top 10 health issues in 2019. Here we test the effectiveness of applying debunking to combat vaccine misinformation, and reduce vaccine hesitancy.
METHODS METHODS
Participants were recruited via a daily news show on Dutch Television, targeted to elderly viewers. The study was conducted in 980 elderly citizens during the October 2020 National Influenza Vaccination Campaign. Borrowing from the recent literature in behavioural science and psychology we conducted a two-arm randomized blinded parallel study, in which participants were allocated to exposure to a video containing social norms, vaccine information plus debunking of vaccination myths (intervention group,
FINDINGS RESULTS
Participants were recruited from the 13th of October 2020 till the 16th of October 2020 and could immediately participate in the pre-intervention survey. Subsequently, eligible participants were randomly assigned to an interventional video and the follow-up survey, distributed through email on the 18th of October 2020, and available for participation till the 24th of October 2020. We found that exposure to the video with addition of debunking strategies on top of social norm modelling and information resulted in substantially stronger rejection of vaccination misconceptions, including the belief that: (1) vaccinations can cause Autism Spectrum Disorders; (2) vaccinations weaken the immune system; (3) influenza vaccination would hamper the COVID-19 vaccine efficacy. Additionally, we observed that exposure to debunking in the intervention resulted in enhanced trust in government.
INTERPRETATION CONCLUSIONS
Utilizing debunking in media campaigns on top of vaccine information and social norm modeling is an effective means to combat misinformation and distrust associated with vaccination in elderly, and could help maximize grounds for the acceptance of vaccines, including the COVID-19 vaccines.
FUNDING BACKGROUND
Dutch Influenza Foundation.

Identifiants

pubmed: 34124631
doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.100881
pii: S2589-5370(21)00161-9
pmc: PMC8176124
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Pagination

100881

Informations de copyright

© 2021 The Authors.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Dr. Hofstra and Dr Yousuf report grants from Dutch Influenza Foundation, during the conduct of the study. No other authors have any competing interests to report.

Références

Psychol Sci Public Interest. 2012 Dec;13(3):106-31
pubmed: 26173286
Lancet Digit Health. 2020 Oct;2(10):e504-e505
pubmed: 32984795
JAMA Netw Open. 2020 Jul 1;3(7):e2014323
pubmed: 32639569
R Soc Open Sci. 2020 Oct 14;7(10):201199
pubmed: 33204475
Nature. 2019 Oct 14;:
pubmed: 33046878
Vaccine. 2018 Aug 23;36(35):5273-5281
pubmed: 30061026
JAMA. 2020 Dec 29;:
pubmed: 33372943
Lancet. 2019 Jul 13;394(10193):119-120
pubmed: 31305250
Heart. 2016 Dec 15;102(24):1953-1956
pubmed: 27686519
Lancet Infect Dis. 2021 May;21(5):e110
pubmed: 32941786
Nature. 2020 Jun;582(7811):230-233
pubmed: 32499650
J Health Commun. 2014;19(3):321-39
pubmed: 24117390
N Engl J Med. 2019 Jun 6;380(23):2185-2187
pubmed: 30995368
Nat Hum Behav. 2019 Sep;3(9):931-939
pubmed: 31235861

Auteurs

Hamza Yousuf (H)

Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC, VU University medical center, De Boelelaan 1117 - 1118, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Sander van der Linden (S)

Department of Psychology, School of Biology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.

Luke Bredius (L)

Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC, VU University medical center, De Boelelaan 1117 - 1118, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

G A Ted van Essen (GA)

Dutch Influenza Foundation, Amersfoort, the Netherlands.

Govert Sweep (G)

Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC, VU University medical center, De Boelelaan 1117 - 1118, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Zohar Preminger (Z)

Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC, VU University medical center, De Boelelaan 1117 - 1118, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Eric van Gorp (E)

Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

Erik Scherder (E)

Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Jagat Narula (J)

Mount Sinai, St. Luke's Hospital, New York, NY, USA.

Leonard Hofstra (L)

Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC, VU University medical center, De Boelelaan 1117 - 1118, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Classifications MeSH