Trends in psychotropic-drug-implicated mortality: Psychotropic drugs as a contributing but non-underlying cause of death.
Drugs
Mortality
Overdose
Population health
Journal
Drug and alcohol dependence
ISSN: 1879-0046
Titre abrégé: Drug Alcohol Depend
Pays: Ireland
ID NLM: 7513587
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 09 2021
01 09 2021
Historique:
received:
09
03
2021
revised:
07
05
2021
accepted:
17
05
2021
pubmed:
5
7
2021
medline:
29
9
2021
entrez:
4
7
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Drug overdoses have contributed to considerable years of life lost. However, focusing solely on drug overdoses, whereby drug poisoning defines the underlying cause of death, obscures the wider burden of the drug mortality crisis. We aim to describe 21 years of trends in "psychotropic-drug-implicated deaths," those where psychotropic drugs are a contributing (but not the underlying) cause of death. We analyze deaths extracted from CDC WONDER from 1999-2019 to generate annual counts and rates for psychotropic-drug-implicated deaths in the United States, including by underlying cause of death and drug implicated. Over 21 years, 51,446 psychotropic-drug-implicated deaths occurred (33,885 medical; 17,561 external). Both medical and external psychotropic-drug-implicated deaths rose dramatically, increasing 2.5 and 5.0 times, respectively. Diseases of the circulatory system predominated underlying causes of medical deaths (74 %). Non-drug suicide, transport accidents, and drownings constitute 54 % of external underlying causes. Among the various underlying causes of death, psychotropic-drug-implicated deaths represent a considerable proportion, especially among external causes, with the proportion greatly increasing over the observation period. The drug implicated evolves from cocaine to opioids to psychostimulants, with the latter rising considerably. The drug mortality crisis extends beyond overdose and may temper improvements observed within other causes of mortality, such as cardiovascular disease, transport accidents, and drownings. As with overdoses, psychotropic-drug-implicated deaths have risen dramatically during the 21
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Drug overdoses have contributed to considerable years of life lost. However, focusing solely on drug overdoses, whereby drug poisoning defines the underlying cause of death, obscures the wider burden of the drug mortality crisis. We aim to describe 21 years of trends in "psychotropic-drug-implicated deaths," those where psychotropic drugs are a contributing (but not the underlying) cause of death.
METHODS
We analyze deaths extracted from CDC WONDER from 1999-2019 to generate annual counts and rates for psychotropic-drug-implicated deaths in the United States, including by underlying cause of death and drug implicated.
RESULTS
Over 21 years, 51,446 psychotropic-drug-implicated deaths occurred (33,885 medical; 17,561 external). Both medical and external psychotropic-drug-implicated deaths rose dramatically, increasing 2.5 and 5.0 times, respectively. Diseases of the circulatory system predominated underlying causes of medical deaths (74 %). Non-drug suicide, transport accidents, and drownings constitute 54 % of external underlying causes. Among the various underlying causes of death, psychotropic-drug-implicated deaths represent a considerable proportion, especially among external causes, with the proportion greatly increasing over the observation period. The drug implicated evolves from cocaine to opioids to psychostimulants, with the latter rising considerably.
CONCLUSIONS
The drug mortality crisis extends beyond overdose and may temper improvements observed within other causes of mortality, such as cardiovascular disease, transport accidents, and drownings. As with overdoses, psychotropic-drug-implicated deaths have risen dramatically during the 21
Identifiants
pubmed: 34218006
pii: S0376-8716(21)00338-0
doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108843
pmc: PMC8355085
mid: NIHMS1718457
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Analgesics, Opioid
0
Pharmaceutical Preparations
0
Psychotropic Drugs
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
108843Subventions
Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
ID : R21 DA046447
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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