Impact of Anaerobic Antibacterial Spectrum on Cystic Fibrosis Airway Microbiome Diversity and Pulmonary Function.
Adolescent
Anaerobiosis
Anti-Bacterial Agents
/ administration & dosage
Child
Cystic Fibrosis
/ microbiology
Female
Humans
Longitudinal Studies
Lung
/ drug effects
Male
Microbiota
/ drug effects
Prospective Studies
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
/ genetics
Respiratory Function Tests
Sputum
/ microbiology
Young Adult
Journal
The Pediatric infectious disease journal
ISSN: 1532-0987
Titre abrégé: Pediatr Infect Dis J
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 8701858
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 11 2021
01 11 2021
Historique:
pubmed:
17
7
2021
medline:
19
1
2022
entrez:
16
7
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The role of anaerobic organisms in the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung microbiome is unclear. Our objectives were to investigate the effect of broad (BS) versus narrow (NS) spectrum antianaerobic antibiotic activity on lung microbiome diversity and pulmonary function, hypothesizing that BS antibiotics would cause greater change in microbiome diversity without a significant improvement in lung function. Pulmonary function tests and respiratory samples were collected prospectively in persons with CF before and after treatment for pulmonary exacerbations. Treatment antibiotics were classified as BS or NS. Gene sequencing data from 16S rRNA were used for diversity analysis and bacterial genera classification. We compared the effects of BS versus NS on diversity indices, lung function and anaerobic/aerobic ratios. Statistical significance was determined by multilevel mixed-effects generalized linear models and mixed-effects regression models. Twenty patients, 6-20 years of age, experienced 30 exacerbations. BS therapy had a greater effect on beta diversity than NS therapy when comparing time points before antibiotics to after and at recovery. After antibiotics, the NS therapy group had a greater return toward baseline forced expiratory volume at 1 second and forced expiratory flow 25%-75% values than the BS group. The ratio of anaerobic/aerobic organisms showed a predominance of anaerobes in the NS group with aerobes dominating in the BS group. BS antianaerobic therapy had a greater and possibly longer lasting effect on the lung microbiome of persons with CF, without achieving the recovery of pulmonary function seen with the NS therapy. Specific antibiotic therapies may affect disease progression by changing the airway microbiome.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
The role of anaerobic organisms in the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung microbiome is unclear. Our objectives were to investigate the effect of broad (BS) versus narrow (NS) spectrum antianaerobic antibiotic activity on lung microbiome diversity and pulmonary function, hypothesizing that BS antibiotics would cause greater change in microbiome diversity without a significant improvement in lung function.
METHODS
Pulmonary function tests and respiratory samples were collected prospectively in persons with CF before and after treatment for pulmonary exacerbations. Treatment antibiotics were classified as BS or NS. Gene sequencing data from 16S rRNA were used for diversity analysis and bacterial genera classification. We compared the effects of BS versus NS on diversity indices, lung function and anaerobic/aerobic ratios. Statistical significance was determined by multilevel mixed-effects generalized linear models and mixed-effects regression models.
RESULTS
Twenty patients, 6-20 years of age, experienced 30 exacerbations. BS therapy had a greater effect on beta diversity than NS therapy when comparing time points before antibiotics to after and at recovery. After antibiotics, the NS therapy group had a greater return toward baseline forced expiratory volume at 1 second and forced expiratory flow 25%-75% values than the BS group. The ratio of anaerobic/aerobic organisms showed a predominance of anaerobes in the NS group with aerobes dominating in the BS group.
CONCLUSIONS
BS antianaerobic therapy had a greater and possibly longer lasting effect on the lung microbiome of persons with CF, without achieving the recovery of pulmonary function seen with the NS therapy. Specific antibiotic therapies may affect disease progression by changing the airway microbiome.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34269323
doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000003211
pii: 00006454-202111000-00003
pmc: PMC8511214
mid: NIHMS1701776
doi:
Substances chimiques
Anti-Bacterial Agents
0
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
962-968Subventions
Organisme : NHLBI NIH HHS
ID : K12 HL119994
Pays : United States
Organisme : NCATS NIH HHS
ID : UL1 TR000075
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2021 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
A.H. and the data in this study were funded by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute award number K12HL119994; partially supported by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, award number UL1TR000075. A.H. is also supported by a Harry Shwachman Award through the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation. The other authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.
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