The Periaqueductal Gray and Its Extended Participation in Drug Addiction Phenomena.
Alcohol
Anti-reward circuit
Caffeine
Cannabis
Opioids
Periaqueductal gray
Reward circuit
Stimulants
Journal
Neuroscience bulletin
ISSN: 1995-8218
Titre abrégé: Neurosci Bull
Pays: Singapore
ID NLM: 101256850
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Oct 2021
Oct 2021
Historique:
received:
30
09
2020
accepted:
11
05
2021
pubmed:
25
7
2021
medline:
7
10
2021
entrez:
24
7
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The periaqueductal gray (PAG) is a complex mesencephalic structure involved in the integration and execution of active and passive self-protective behaviors against imminent threats, such as immobility or flight from a predator. PAG activity is also associated with the integration of responses against physical discomfort (e.g., anxiety, fear, pain, and disgust) which occurs prior an imminent attack, but also during withdrawal from drugs such as morphine and cocaine. The PAG sends and receives projections to and from other well-documented nuclei linked to the phenomenon of drug addiction including: (i) the ventral tegmental area; (ii) extended amygdala; (iii) medial prefrontal cortex; (iv) pontine nucleus; (v) bed nucleus of the stria terminalis; and (vi) hypothalamus. Preclinical models have suggested that the PAG contributes to the modulation of anxiety, fear, and nociception (all of which may produce physical discomfort) linked with chronic exposure to drugs of abuse. Withdrawal produced by the major pharmacological classes of drugs of abuse is mediated through actions that include participation of the PAG. In support of this, there is evidence of functional, pharmacological, molecular. And/or genetic alterations in the PAG during the impulsive/compulsive intake or withdrawal from a drug. Due to its small size, it is difficult to assess the anatomical participation of the PAG when using classical neuroimaging techniques, so its physiopathology in drug addiction has been underestimated and poorly documented. In this theoretical review, we discuss the involvement of the PAG in drug addiction mainly via its role as an integrator of responses to the physical discomfort associated with drug withdrawal.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34302618
doi: 10.1007/s12264-021-00756-y
pii: 10.1007/s12264-021-00756-y
pmc: PMC8490541
doi:
Substances chimiques
Morphine
76I7G6D29C
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1493-1509Informations de copyright
© 2021. Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
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