Physical activity and metabolic syndrome severity among older adults at cardiovascular risk: 1-Year trends.

Aged Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Cardiovascular Diseases / diagnosis Diet, Healthy Diet, Mediterranean Exercise Feeding Behavior Female Functional Status Humans Longitudinal Studies Male Metabolic Syndrome / diagnosis Middle Aged Nutritive Value Prognosis Prospective Studies Protective Factors Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Risk Assessment Risk Reduction Behavior Sedentary Behavior Severity of Illness Index Spain / epidemiology Time Factors

Depression risk Dietary inflammatory index Mediterranean diet Metabolic syndrome severity Physical activity Sedentary behavior

Journal

Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD

ISSN: 1590-3729

Titre abrégé: Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis

Pays: Netherlands

ID NLM: 9111474

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
22 09 2021

Historique:

received: 15 03 2021

revised: 08 06 2021

accepted: 21 06 2021

pubmed: 10 8 2021

medline: 28 9 2021

entrez: 9 8 2021

Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Modifiable lifestyle factors, such as physical activity (PA) and Mediterranean diet (MD), decrease metabolic syndrome (MetS). The aim was to assess 1-year changes of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA), sedentary behavior, and diet quality according to MetS severity in older population at high cardiovascular risk. Prospective analysis of 55-75-year-old 4359 overweight/obese participants with MetS (PREDIMED-Plus trial) categorized in tertiles according to 1-year changes of a validated MetS severity score (MetSSS). Anthropometrics, visceral adiposity index, triglycerides and glucose index, dietary nutrient intake, biochemical marker levels, dietary inflammatory index, and depression symptoms were measured. Diet quality was assessed by 17-item MD questionnaire. PAs were self-reported using the Minnesota-REGICOR Short Physical Activity Questionnaire and 30-s chair stand test. Sedentary behaviors were measured using the Spanish version of the Nurses' Health Study questionnaire. After 1-year follow-up, decreasing MetSSS was associated with an anti-inflammatory dietary pattern, high intake of vegetables, fruits, legumes, nuts, whole grain cereals, white fish, and bluefish and low intake of refined cereals, red and processed meat, cookies/sweets, and snacks/ready-to-eat-meals. It resulted in high intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids, omega-3 fatty acids, protein, fiber, vitamins B1, B6, B9, C, D, potassium, magnesium, and phosphorus and low glycemic index and saturated fatty acid, trans fatty acid, and carbohydrates intake. Regarding PA and sedentary behavior, decreasing MetSSS was associated with increased moderate-to-vigorous LTPA, chair stand test, and decreased sedentary and TV-viewing time. Decreasing MetSSS was associated with an anti-inflammatory dietary pattern, high LTPA, high MD adherence, low sedentary time, and low depression risk.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND AND AIMS

METHODS AND RESULTS

Prospective analysis of 55-75-year-old 4359 overweight/obese participants with MetS (PREDIMED-Plus trial) categorized in tertiles according to 1-year changes of a validated MetS severity score (MetSSS). Anthropometrics, visceral adiposity index, triglycerides and glucose index, dietary nutrient intake, biochemical marker levels, dietary inflammatory index, and depression symptoms were measured. Diet quality was assessed by 17-item MD questionnaire. PAs were self-reported using the Minnesota-REGICOR Short Physical Activity Questionnaire and 30-s chair stand test. Sedentary behaviors were measured using the Spanish version of the Nurses' Health Study questionnaire. After 1-year follow-up, decreasing MetSSS was associated with an anti-inflammatory dietary pattern, high intake of vegetables, fruits, legumes, nuts, whole grain cereals, white fish, and bluefish and low intake of refined cereals, red and processed meat, cookies/sweets, and snacks/ready-to-eat-meals. It resulted in high intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids, omega-3 fatty acids, protein, fiber, vitamins B1, B6, B9, C, D, potassium, magnesium, and phosphorus and low glycemic index and saturated fatty acid, trans fatty acid, and carbohydrates intake. Regarding PA and sedentary behavior, decreasing MetSSS was associated with increased moderate-to-vigorous LTPA, chair stand test, and decreased sedentary and TV-viewing time.

CONCLUSION

Decreasing MetSSS was associated with an anti-inflammatory dietary pattern, high LTPA, high MD adherence, low sedentary time, and low depression risk.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.06.015 PMID: 34366176

pubmed: 34366176

pii: S0939-4753(21)00292-1

doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.06.015

pii:

doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article Multicenter Study Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

Pagination

2870-2886

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2021 The Italian Diabetes Society, the Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition and the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Declaration of competing interest J.S.-S. reports serving on the board of and receiving grant support through his institution from the International Nut and Dried Fruit Council, and Eroski Foundation. Reports serving in the Executive Committee of the Instituto Danone Spain and on the Scientific Committee of the Danone International Institute. He has received research support from Patrimonio Comunal Olivarero, Spain; and Borges SA, Spain. Reports receiving consulting fees or travel expenses from Danone; Eroski Foundation, Instituto Danone—Spain, and Abbot Laboratories.