GMMA-Based Vaccines: The Known and The Unknown.
Animals
Antigens, Bacterial
/ immunology
Bacterial Outer Membrane
/ immunology
Bacterial Proteins
/ immunology
Bacterial Vaccines
/ immunology
Gram-Negative Bacteria
/ immunology
Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections
/ prevention & control
Host-Pathogen Interactions
/ immunology
Humans
Lipopolysaccharides
/ immunology
Vaccinology
/ methods
GMMA
Generalized modules for membrane antigens
OMV
mode of action
reactogenicity
vaccine
Journal
Frontiers in immunology
ISSN: 1664-3224
Titre abrégé: Front Immunol
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101560960
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2021
2021
Historique:
received:
26
05
2021
accepted:
19
07
2021
entrez:
20
8
2021
pubmed:
21
8
2021
medline:
21
12
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Generalized Modules for Membrane Antigens (GMMA) are outer membrane vesicles derived from Gram-negative bacteria engineered to provide an over-vesiculating phenotype, which represent an attractive platform for the design of affordable vaccines. GMMA can be further genetically manipulated to modulate the risk of systemic reactogenicity and to act as delivery system for heterologous polysaccharide or protein antigens. GMMA are able to induce strong immunogenicity and protection in animal challenge models, and to be well-tolerated and immunogenic in clinical studies. The high immunogenicity could be ascribed to their particulate size, to their ability to present to the immune system multiple antigens in a natural conformation which mimics the bacterial environment, as well as to their intrinsic self-adjuvanticity. However, GMMA mechanism of action and the role in adjuvanticity are still unclear and need further investigation. In this review, we discuss progresses in the development of the GMMA vaccine platform, highlighting successful applications and identifying knowledge gaps and potential challenges.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34413858
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.715393
pmc: PMC8368434
doi:
Substances chimiques
Antigens, Bacterial
0
Bacterial Proteins
0
Bacterial Vaccines
0
Lipopolysaccharides
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
715393Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2021 Mancini, Micoli, Necchi, Pizza, Berlanda Scorza and Rossi.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
This work was undertaken at the request of and sponsored by GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals SA. GSK Vaccines Institute for Global Health Srl is an affiliate of GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals SA. All authors are employed by the GSK group of companies.
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