Acetyl-L-carnitine in chronic pain: A narrative review.
Acetyl-L-carnitine
Carnitine shuttle
Central sensitization
Chronic pain
Epigenetic
Fibromyalgia syndrome
Nerve growth factor
Neuropathy
mGlu receptors
Journal
Pharmacological research
ISSN: 1096-1186
Titre abrégé: Pharmacol Res
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 8907422
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
11 2021
11 2021
Historique:
received:
27
06
2021
revised:
01
09
2021
accepted:
02
09
2021
pubmed:
10
9
2021
medline:
26
2
2022
entrez:
9
9
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC) is an endogenous molecule that not only plays a role in energy metabolism, but also has antioxidant properties, protects from oxidative stress, modulates brain neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine, serotonin and dopamine, and acts on neurotrophic factors such as nerve growth factor (NGF) and metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors by means of epigenetic mechanisms. Importantly, it induces mGlu2 expression at nerve terminals, thus giving rise to analgesia and preventing spinal sensitisation. It has also been found to have even long-term neurotrophic and analgesic activity in experimental models of chronic inflammatory and neuropathic pain. The aim of this narrative review is to summarise the current evidence regarding the use of ALC in patients with chronic pain, and cognitive and mood disorders, and investigate the rationale underlying its use in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome, which is characterised by nociplastic changes that increase the sensitivity of the nervous system to pain.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34500063
pii: S1043-6618(21)00458-8
doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105874
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Analgesics
0
Antidepressive Agents
0
Neuroprotective Agents
0
Acetylcarnitine
6DH1W9VH8Q
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
105874Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2021. Published by Elsevier Ltd.