Circuit imaging biomarkers in preclinical and prodromal Parkinson's disease.


Journal

Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.)
ISSN: 1528-3658
Titre abrégé: Mol Med
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9501023

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
16 09 2021
Historique:
received: 22 02 2021
accepted: 02 06 2021
entrez: 17 9 2021
pubmed: 18 9 2021
medline: 21 1 2022
Statut: epublish

Résumé

Parkinson's disease (PD) commences several years before the onset of motor features. Pathophysiological understanding of the pre-clinical or early prodromal stages of PD are essential for the development of new therapeutic strategies. Two categories of patients are ideal to study the early disease stages. Idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) represents a well-known prodromal stage of PD in which pathology is presumed to have reached the lower brainstem. The majority of patients with iRBD will develop manifest PD within years to decades. Another category encompasses non-manifest mutation carriers, i.e. subjects without symptoms, but with a known mutation or genetic variant which gives an increased risk of developing PD. The speed of progression from preclinical or prodromal to full clinical stages varies among patients and cannot be reliably predicted on the individual level. Clinical trials will require inclusion of patients with a predictable conversion within a limited time window. Biomarkers are necessary that can confirm pre-motor PD status and can provide information regarding lead time and speed of progression. Neuroimaging changes occur early in the disease process and may provide such a biomarker. Studies have focused on radiotracer imaging of the dopaminergic nigrostriatal system, which can be assessed with dopamine transporter (DAT) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). Loss of DAT binding represents an effect of irreversible structural damage to the nigrostriatal system. This marker can be used to monitor disease progression and identify individuals at specific risk for phenoconversion. However, it is known that changes in neuronal activity precede structural changes. Functional neuro-imaging techniques, such as

Identifiants

pubmed: 34530732
doi: 10.1186/s10020-021-00327-x
pii: 10.1186/s10020-021-00327-x
pmc: PMC8447708
doi:

Substances chimiques

Biomarkers 0
Neurotransmitter Agents 0
Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 0Z5B2CJX4D
Dopamine VTD58H1Z2X

Types de publication

Journal Article Review

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

111

Informations de copyright

© 2021. The Author(s).

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Auteurs

Sanne K Meles (SK)

Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands. s.k.meles@umcg.nl.

Wolfgang H Oertel (WH)

Department of Neurology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
Institute for Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Center for Health and Environment, Munich, Germany.

Klaus L Leenders (KL)

Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.

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Classifications MeSH