Accurate diagnosis of lung tissues for 2D Raman spectrogram by deep learning based on short-time Fourier transform.

Multivariate statistical analysis methods have an important role in spectrochemical analyses to rapidly identify and diagnose cancer and the subtype. However, utilizing these methods to analyze lager amount spectral data is challenging, and poses a major bottleneck toward achieving high accuracy. Here, a new convolutional neural networks (CNN) method based on short-time Fourier transform (STFT) to diagnose lung tissues via Raman spectra readily is proposed. The models yield that the accuracies of the new method are higher than the conventional methods (principal components analysis -linear discriminant analysis and support vector machine) for validation group (95.2% vs 85.5%, 94.4%) and test group (96.5% vs 90.4%, 93.9%) after cross-validation. The results illustrate that the new method which converts one-dimensional Raman data into two-dimensional Raman spectrograms improve the discriminatory ability of lung tissues and can achieve automatically accurate diagnosis of lung tissues.

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Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.