Neurological impairment and disability in children in rural Kenya.
Child
Cognitive Dysfunction
/ epidemiology
Disabled Children
/ statistics & numerical data
Epilepsy
/ epidemiology
Female
Health Surveys
Hearing Loss
/ epidemiology
Humans
Kenya
/ epidemiology
Male
Nervous System Diseases
/ epidemiology
Patient Admission
/ statistics & numerical data
Pregnancy
Pregnancy Complications
/ epidemiology
Risk Factors
Rural Population
/ statistics & numerical data
Vision Disorders
/ epidemiology
Journal
Developmental medicine and child neurology
ISSN: 1469-8749
Titre abrégé: Dev Med Child Neurol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 0006761
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
03 2022
03 2022
Historique:
revised:
13
08
2021
received:
26
11
2020
accepted:
16
08
2021
pubmed:
19
9
2021
medline:
19
2
2022
entrez:
18
9
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
To investigate geographical change over time in the burden of neurological impairments in school-aged children in a demographic surveillance area. We investigated changes in neurological impairment prevalence in five domains (epilepsy and cognitive, hearing, vision, and motor impairments) using similar two-phase surveys conducted in 2001 (n=10 218) and 2015 (n=11 223) and determined changes in location-level prevalence, geographical clustering, and significant risk factors for children aged 6 to 9 years (mean 7y 6mo, SD 1y) of whom 50.4% were males. Admission trends for preterm birth, low birthweight (LBW), and encephalopathy were determined using admission data to a local hospital. Overall prevalence for any neurological impairment decreased from 61 per 1000 (95% confidence interval [CI] 48.0-74.0) in 2001 to 44.7 per 1000 (95% CI 40.9-48.6) in 2015 (p<0.001). There was little evidence of geographical variation in the prevalence of neurological impairments in either survey. The association between neurological impairments and some risk factors changed significantly with year of survey; for example, the increased association of adverse perinatal events with hearing impairments (exponentiated coefficient for the interaction=5.94, p=0.03). Annual admission rates with preterm birth (rate ratio 1.08, range 1.07-1.09), LBW (rate ratio 1.08, range 1.06-1.10), and encephalopathy (rate ratio 1.08, range 1.06-1.09) significantly increased between 2005 and 2016 (p<0.001). There was a significant decline in the prevalence of neurological impairments and differential changes in the associations of some risk factors with neurological impairments over the study period. Limited geographical variation suggests that similar interventions are appropriate across the defined area.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34536290
doi: 10.1111/dmcn.15059
pmc: PMC9292953
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
347-356Subventions
Organisme : Wellcome Trust
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Wellcome Trust
ID : 107754/Z/15/Z
Pays : United Kingdom
Commentaires et corrections
Type : CommentIn
Informations de copyright
© 2021 The Authors. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Mac Keith Press.
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