Induction of Tolerance to Therapeutic Proteins With Antigen-Processing Independent T Cell Epitopes: Controlling Immune Responses to Biologics.
Immunological tolerance
T cell epitope
Tr1 cell
Treg cell
haemophilia A
hypersensitivity
immunotherapy
synthetic peptide
Journal
Frontiers in immunology
ISSN: 1664-3224
Titre abrégé: Front Immunol
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101560960
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2021
2021
Historique:
received:
16
07
2021
accepted:
18
08
2021
entrez:
27
9
2021
pubmed:
28
9
2021
medline:
18
12
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
The immune response to exogenous proteins can overcome the therapeutic benefits of immunotherapies and hamper the treatment of protein replacement therapies. One clear example of this is haemophilia A resulting from deleterious mutations in the FVIII gene. Replacement with serum derived or recombinant FVIII protein can cause anti-drug antibodies in 20-50% of individuals treated. The resulting inhibitor antibodies override the benefit of treatment and, at best, make life unpredictable for those treated. The only way to overcome the inhibitor issue is to reinstate immunological tolerance to the administered protein. Here we compare the various approaches that have been tested and focus on the use of antigen-processing independent T cell epitopes (apitopes) for tolerance induction. Apitopes are readily designed from any protein whether this is derived from a clotting factor, enzyme replacement therapy, gene therapy or therapeutic antibody.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34567009
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.742695
pmc: PMC8459012
doi:
Substances chimiques
Biological Products
0
Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
742695Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2021 Schurgers and Wraith.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
DW is CSO and Founder of Apitope International NV. ES is an employee of Apitope International NV.
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