Spirometric reference equations for Cameroonians aged 4 to 89 years derived using lambda, mu, sigma (LMS) method.
Adolescent
Adult
Age Distribution
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Black People
/ statistics & numerical data
Cameroon
Child
Child, Preschool
Cross-Sectional Studies
Female
Forced Expiratory Volume
/ physiology
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Models, Statistical
Nigeria
Reference Values
Spirometry
/ standards
Vital Capacity
/ physiology
Young Adult
Central Africa
Normal lung function
Reference values
Spirometry
Journal
BMC pulmonary medicine
ISSN: 1471-2466
Titre abrégé: BMC Pulm Med
Pays: England
ID NLM: 100968563
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
03 Nov 2021
03 Nov 2021
Historique:
received:
04
07
2021
accepted:
22
10
2021
entrez:
4
11
2021
pubmed:
5
11
2021
medline:
5
2
2022
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Spirometric reference values are well known in several ethnic groups but the normative spirometric values of blacks living in Africa have been less studied. The purpose of this study is to establish normative spirometric equations from a representative population of Cameroonian children and adults and compare these equations with those developed by the Global Lung Initiative (GLI) and in Nigerians. Spirometric data from healthy Cameroonians aged 4-89 years randomly collected between 2014 and 2018 were used to derive reference equations using generalized additive model for location (mu), shape (lambda) and scale (sigma). A total of 625 children and adolescents (290 males and 335 females) and 1152 adults (552 males and 600 females) were included in the study. The prediction equation for spirometric index was written as: M = Exp[a0 + a1*ln (Height) + a2*ln (Age) + Mspline, Mspline was age related spline contribution]. Applying the GLI standards for African Americans resulted in overall values greater than those found in our study for forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC). These values were very close in children and adolescents while the values obtained with the GLI equations for African Americans were significantly higher in adults. FEV1/FVC ratio in our study was similar for adult males but lower in adult females (88% vs 85%, difference = + 3.5%) when applying Nigerian standards. FEV1 and FVC of the Cameroonian infant and adolescent population are very close to those of black Americans. However, FEV1 and FVC of Cameroonian adults are significantly lower than those of black American adults. These equations should allow a more suitable interpretation of spirometry in the Cameroonian population.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Spirometric reference values are well known in several ethnic groups but the normative spirometric values of blacks living in Africa have been less studied. The purpose of this study is to establish normative spirometric equations from a representative population of Cameroonian children and adults and compare these equations with those developed by the Global Lung Initiative (GLI) and in Nigerians.
METHODS
METHODS
Spirometric data from healthy Cameroonians aged 4-89 years randomly collected between 2014 and 2018 were used to derive reference equations using generalized additive model for location (mu), shape (lambda) and scale (sigma).
RESULTS
RESULTS
A total of 625 children and adolescents (290 males and 335 females) and 1152 adults (552 males and 600 females) were included in the study. The prediction equation for spirometric index was written as: M = Exp[a0 + a1*ln (Height) + a2*ln (Age) + Mspline, Mspline was age related spline contribution]. Applying the GLI standards for African Americans resulted in overall values greater than those found in our study for forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC). These values were very close in children and adolescents while the values obtained with the GLI equations for African Americans were significantly higher in adults. FEV1/FVC ratio in our study was similar for adult males but lower in adult females (88% vs 85%, difference = + 3.5%) when applying Nigerian standards.
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
FEV1 and FVC of the Cameroonian infant and adolescent population are very close to those of black Americans. However, FEV1 and FVC of Cameroonian adults are significantly lower than those of black American adults. These equations should allow a more suitable interpretation of spirometry in the Cameroonian population.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34732174
doi: 10.1186/s12890-021-01705-1
pii: 10.1186/s12890-021-01705-1
pmc: PMC8565080
doi:
Types de publication
Comparative Study
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
344Informations de copyright
© 2021. The Author(s).
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