Relapse activity in the chronic phase of anti-myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease.
Anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody
MOG-antibody-associated disease (MOGAD)
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD)
Relapse prevention
Relapse-free survival
Journal
Journal of neurology
ISSN: 1432-1459
Titre abrégé: J Neurol
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 0423161
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Jun 2022
Jun 2022
Historique:
received:
28
10
2021
accepted:
19
11
2021
revised:
19
11
2021
pubmed:
26
11
2021
medline:
24
5
2022
entrez:
25
11
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The patterns of relapse and relapse-prevention strategies for anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) are not completely investigated. We compared the patterns of relapse in later stages of MOGAD with those of anti-aquaporin-4 antibody (AQP4-Ab)-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). In this observational, comparative cohort study, 66 patients with MOGAD and 90 with AQP4-Ab-positive NMOSD were enrolled. We compared the patterns of relapse and annualized relapse rates (ARRs) in the first 10 years from disease onset, stratified by relapse-prevention treatments. Approximately 50% of the patients with MOGAD experienced relapses in the first 10 years. Among those not undergoing relapse-prevention treatments, ARRs in the first 5 years were slightly lower in MOGAD patients than in AQP4-Ab-positive NMOSD patients (MOGAD vs. AQP4-Ab NMOSD: 0.19 vs. 0.30; p = 0.0753). After 5 years, the ARR decreased in MOGAD patients (MOGAD vs. AQP4-Ab NMOSD: 0.05 vs. 0.34; p = 0.0001), with a 72% reduction from the first 5 years (p = 0.0090). Eight (61.5%) of the 13 MOGAD patients with more than 10-year follow-up from disease onset showed relapse 10 years after onset. Clustering in the timing and phenotype of attacks was observed in both disease patients. The effectiveness of long-term low-dose oral PSL for relapse prevention in patients with MOGAD has not been determined. The relapse risk in patients with MOGAD is generally lower than that in patients with AQP4-Ab-positive NMOSD, especially 5 years after onset. Meanwhile, relapses later than 10 years from onset are not rare in both diseases.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34820735
doi: 10.1007/s00415-021-10914-x
pii: 10.1007/s00415-021-10914-x
pmc: PMC9120114
doi:
Substances chimiques
Aquaporin 4
0
Autoantibodies
0
Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein
0
anti-aquaporin 4 autoantibody
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Observational Study
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
3136-3146Subventions
Organisme : Arthritis Research UK
ID : FC001030
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare
ID : 20FC1030
Organisme : Japan Society for the Promotion of Science London
ID : 20K07892
Informations de copyright
© 2021. The Author(s).
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